Quantum Gravity Effective Action Provides Entropy of The Universe
arXiv:2401.09672 · doi:10.3390/particles7020026
Abstract
The effective action in renormalizable quantum theory of gravity provides entropy because the total Hamiltonian vanishes. Since it is a renormalization group invariant that is constant in the process of cosmic evolution, we can show conservation of entropy, which is an ansatz in the standard cosmology. Here, we study renormalizable quantum gravity that exhibits conformal dominance at high energy beyond the Planck scale. The current entropy of the universe is derived by calculating the effective action under the scenario of quantum gravity inflation caused by its dynamics. We then argue that ghost modes must be unphysical but are necessary for the Hamiltonian to vanish and for entropy to exist in gravitational systems.
arXiv comment23 pages, 2 figures, Add a number of descriptions, footnotes, appendices,and references. Matches the published version on Particles (open access, open review)
References in corpus (20)
- Nine-Year Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) Observations: Final Maps and Results
- Twenty Years of the Weyl Anomaly
- Conformal Symmetry and Central Charges in 4 Dimensions
- Physical States of the Quantum Conformal Factor
- Resummation and Higher Order Renormalization in 4D Quantum Gravity
- Conformal Algebra and Physical States in Non-critical 3-brane on R*S^3
- Space-time Evolution and CMB Anisotropies from Quantum Gravity
- Background-metric Independent Formulation of 4D Quantum Gravity
- CMB Anisotropies Reveal Quantized Gravity
- Determination of Gravitational Counterterms Near Four Dimensions from RG Equations
- The Cosmological Parameters 2014
- Background Free Quantum Gravity based on Conformal Gravity and Conformal Field Theory on M^4
- From CFT Spectra to CMB Multipoles in Quantum Gravity Cosmology
- BRST Analysis of Physical Fields and States for 4D Quantum Gravity on R x S^3
- Two-Loop Quantum Gravity Corrections to Cosmological Constant in Landau Gauge
- RG Analysis for Quantum Gravity with A Single Dimensionless Coupling
- Grand-Canonical simulation of 4D simplicial quantum gravity
- Diffeomorphism Invariance Demands Conformal Anomalies
- Physical Cosmological Constant in Asymptotically Background Free Quantum Gravity
- Localized massive excitation of quantum gravity as a dark particle