Searching for Two-Neutrino and Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay of ${}^{134}$Xe with the PandaX-4T Experiment

Abstract

${}^{134}$Xe is a candidate isotope for neutrinoless double beta decay~($0\nu \beta \beta$) search. In addition, the two-neutrino case ($2\nu \beta \beta$) allowed by the Standard Model of particle physics has not yet been observed. Utilizing the 10.4% of ${}^{134}$Xe in the natural xenon in the PandaX-4T detector and its first 94.9-day exposure, we have established the most stringent constraints on $2\nu \beta \beta$ and $0\nu \beta \beta$ of ${}^{134}$Xe half-lives, with limits of $2.8\times 10^{22}$ yr and $3.0\times 10^{23}$ yr at 90% confidence level, respectively. The $2\nu \beta \beta$ ($0\nu \beta \beta$) limit surpasses the previously reported best result by a factor of 32 (2.7), highlighting the potential of large monolithic natural xenon detectors.

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• Measurement of Double Beta Decay Half-life of ${}^{136}$Xe with the PandaX-4T Detector
• Double beta decay searches of Xe-134, Xe-126 and Xe-124 with large scale Xe detectors
• Internal Calibration of the PandaX-II Detector with Radon Gaseous Sources
• Projected sensitivity of the LUX-ZEPLIN (LZ) experiment to the two-neutrino and neutrinoless double beta decays of ${}^{134}$Xe
• ${}^{83}\mathrm{Rb}$/${}^{83m}\mathrm{Kr}$ production and cross-section measurement with 3.4 MeV and 20 MeV proton beams

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• Dark Matter Search Results from 1.54 Tonne$\cdot$Year Exposure of PandaX-4T
• PandaX-xT: a Multi-ten-tonne Liquid Xenon Observatory at the China Jinping Underground Laboratory
• Exploring New Physics with PandaX-4T Low Energy Electronic Recoil Data
• Search for MeV-Scale Axionlike Particles and Dark Photons with PandaX-4T
• Search for Cosmic-ray Boosted Sub-MeV Dark-Matter-Electron Scattering in PandaX-4T
• Searching for Neutrinoless Double-Beta Decay of ${}^{136}$Xe with PandaX-4T
• Development of High-Sensitivity Radon Emanation Measurement Systems with Surface Treatment Optimization
• Precise ${}^{136}$Xe Double Beta Decay Measurement in PandaX-4T with Implications on the Nuclear Matrix Elements and Majorons
• A Semi-Empirical Formula for Two-Neutrino Double-Beta Decay
• Design, construction, and testing of the PandaX-xT cryogenics system
• Upgrade of the PandaX-4T online data quality monitoring system and perspectives for future multi-tons PandaX upgrades
• Search for Double Beta Decays of ${}^{134}$Xe with EXO-200 Phase II