Demonstration of fault-tolerant Steane quantum error correction

Abstract

Encoding information redundantly using quantum error-correcting (QEC) codes allows one to overcome the inherent sensitivity to noise in quantum computers to ultimately achieve large-scale quantum computation. The Steane QEC method involves preparing an auxiliary logical qubit of the same QEC code used for the data register. The data and auxiliary registers are then coupled with a logical CNOT gate, enabling a measurement of the auxiliary register to reveal the error syndrome. This study presents the implementation of multiple rounds of fault-tolerant Steane QEC on a trapped-ion quantum computer. Various QEC codes are employed, and the results are compared to a previous experimental approach utilizing flag qubits. Our experimental findings show improved logical fidelities for Steane QEC. This establishes experimental Steane QEC as a competitive paradigm for fault-tolerant quantum computing.

arXiv comment16 pages, 13 figures

References in corpus (30)

• Multiple Particle Interference and Quantum Error Correction
• Quantum Computing with Very Noisy Devices
• 14-qubit entanglement: creation and coherence
• Suppressing quantum errors by scaling a surface code logical qubit
• Logical quantum processor based on reconfigurable atom arrays
• State preservation by repetitive error detection in a superconducting quantum circuit
• Entanglement and quantum computation with ions in thermal motion
• Topological Quantum Distillation
• High-fidelity preparation, gates, memory and readout of a trapped-ion quantum bit
• Demonstration of the trapped-ion quantum-CCD computer architecture
• Efficient Z-Gates for Quantum Computing
• Realization of a scalable Shor algorithm
• Experimental Quantum Computations on a Topologically Encoded Qubit
• Ion-trap measurements of electric-field noise near surfaces
• Exponential suppression of bit or phase flip errors with repetitive error correction
• Stim: a fast stabilizer circuit simulator
• A compact ion-trap quantum computing demonstrator
• A quantum information processor with trapped ions
• Realization of an Error-Correcting Surface Code with Superconducting Qubits
• Single ion-qubit exceeding one hour coherence time
• Active stabilisation, quantum computation and quantum state synthesis
• Demonstration of fault-tolerant universal quantum gate operations
• Flag fault-tolerant error correction with arbitrary distance codes
• Repeated multi-qubit readout and feedback with a mixed-species trapped-ion register
• Basic circuit compilation techniques for an ion-trap quantum machine
• A long-lived Zeeman trapped-ion qubit
• Encoding a magic state with beyond break-even fidelity
• Fault-tolerant quantum error correction for Steane's seven-qubit color code with few or no extra qubits
• Strategies for practical advantage of fault-tolerant circuit design in noisy trapped-ion quantum computers
• Interactive Protocols for Classically-Verifiable Quantum Advantage

Cited by in corpus (34)

• Scaling and logic in the color code on a superconducting quantum processor
• Optimized measurement-free and fault-tolerant quantum error correction for neutral atoms
• Color code decoder with improved scaling for correcting circuit-level noise
• Experiments with the 4D Surface Code on a QCCD Quantum Computer
• Comparative study of quantum error correction strategies for the heavy-hexagonal lattice
• Dynamically Generated Decoherence-Free Subspaces and Subsystems on Superconducting Qubits
• Performance of Quantum Approximate Optimization with Quantum Error Detection
• Strategies for implementing quantum error correction in molecular rotation
• An Accurate and Efficient Analytic Model of Fidelity Under Depolarizing Noise Oriented to Large Scale Quantum System Design
• XYZ ruby code: Making a case for a three-colored graphical calculus for quantum error correction in spacetime
• Low-overhead magic state distillation with color codes
• Quantum error correction for long chains of trapped ions
• High-fidelity two-qubit quantum logic gates in a trapped-ion chain using axial motional modes
• Efficient fault-tolerant code switching via one-way transversal CNOT gates
• Experimental realization of direct entangling gates between dual-type qubits
• Measurement-Induced Heating of Trapped Ions
• Quantum Circuit Discovery for Fault-Tolerant Logical State Preparation with Reinforcement Learning
• Concatenated Steane code with single-flag syndrome checks
• Demonstration of two-dimensional connectivity for a scalable error-corrected ion-trap quantum processor architecture
• Fundamental thresholds for computational and erasure errors via the coherent information
• Improved performance of the Bacon-Shor code with Steane's syndrome extraction method
• Trapped-ion laser cooling in structured light fields
• High-speed and high-connectivity two-qubit gates in long chains of trapped ions
• Characterizing physical and logical errors in a transversal CNOT via cycle error reconstruction
• Experimental measurement and a physical interpretation of quantum shadow enumerators
• Demonstration of High-Fidelity Entangled Logical Qubits using Transmons
• Tailoring Fault-Tolerance to Quantum Algorithms
• Model validation and error attribution for a drifting qubit
• Optical Quantum Computing
• Revealing emergent many-body phenomena by analyzing large-scale space-time records of monitored quantum systems
• On the interpretability of neural network decoders
• Weakly Fault-Tolerant Computation in a Quantum Error-Detecting Code
• Universal quantum computation via scalable measurement-free error correction
• Quantum Key Distribution: Bridging Theoretical Security Proofs, Practical Attacks, and Error Correction for Quantum-Augmented Networks