What can we learn from diffusion about Anderson localization of a degenerate Fermi gas?
arXiv:2311.07505 · doi:10.1103/PhysRevResearch.6.033039
Abstract
Disorder can fundamentally modify the transport properties of a system. A striking example is Anderson localization, suppressing transport due to destructive interference of propagation paths. In inhomogeneous many-body systems, not all particles are localized for finite-strength disorder, and the system can become partially diffusive. Unravelling the intricate signatures of localization from such observed diffusion is a long-standing problem. Here, we experimentally study a degenerate, spin-polarized Fermi gas in a disorder potential formed by an optical speckle pattern. We record the diffusion in the disordered potential upon release from an external confining potential. We compare different methods to analyze the resulting density distributions, including a new method to capture particle dynamics by evaluating absorption-image statistics. Using standard observables, such as diffusion exponent and coefficient, localized fraction, or localization length, we find that some show signatures for a transition to localization above a critical disorder strength, while others show a smooth crossover to a modified diffusion regime. In laterally displaced disorder, we spatially resolve different transport regimes simultaneously which allows us to extract the subdiffusion exponent expected for weak localization. Our work emphasizes that the transition toward localization can be investigated by closely analyzing the system's diffusion, offering ways of revealing localization effects beyond the signature of exponentially decaying density distribution.
arXiv comment19 pages, 11 figures
References in corpus (64)
- Theory of ultracold Fermi gases
- Anderson localization of a non-interacting Bose-Einstein condensate
- Direct observation of Anderson localization of matter-waves in a controlled disorder
- Localization of ultrasound in a three-dimensional elastic network
- Statistical Signatures of Photon Localization
- Probing entanglement in a many-body-localized system
- Observation of the critical regime near Anderson localization of light
- Two-species mixture of quantum degenerate Bose and Fermi gases
- Three-dimensional localization of ultracold atoms in an optical disordered potential
- Three-Dimensional Anderson Localization of Ultracold Matter
- Quantum chaos challenges many-body localization
- Corrections to scaling at the Anderson transition
- Universal Spin Transport in a Strongly Interacting Fermi Gas
- Disorder-induced Localization in a Strongly Correlated Atomic Hubbard Gas
- Measurement of the mobility edge for 3D Anderson localization
- Precise characterization of ^6Li Feshbach resonances using trap-sideband resolved RF spectroscopy of weakly bound molecules
- Thouless time analysis of Anderson and many-body localization transitions
- Quantum critical behavior at the many-body-localization transition
- Strong saturation absorption imaging of dense clouds of ultracold atoms
- Distinguishing localization from chaos: challenges in finite-size systems
- Ergodicity Breaking Transition in Finite Disordered Spin Chains
- Evidence for unbounded growth of the number entropy in many-body localized phases
- Direct determination of the transition to localization of light in three dimensions
- Observation of pair condensation in the quasi-2D BEC-BCS crossover
- Challenges to observation of many-body localization
- Coherent Matter Wave Transport in Speckle Potentials
- Absence of true localization in many-body localized phases
- Markovian baths and quantum avalanches
- Cold atoms in the presence of disorder
- Experimental Test of Universality of the Anderson Transition
- Rényi generalization of the operational entanglement entropy
- An upper bound on transport
- Signatures of bath-induced quantum avalanches in a many-body--localized system
- Is there slow particle transport in the MBL phase?
- Mobility edge for cold atoms in laser speckle potentials
- Disorder-induced trapping versus Anderson localization in Bose-Einstein condensates expanding in disordered potentials
- Expansion of a Bose-Einstein Condensate in the Presence of Disorder
- Quantum mechanical limitations to spin diffusion in the unitary Fermi gas
- Universal Sound Diffusion in a Strongly Interacting Fermi Gas
- Observation of two-dimensional Anderson localisation of ultracold atoms
- Full counting statistics in the gapped XXZ spin chain
- Anisotropic 2D diffusive expansion of ultra-cold atoms in a disordered potential
- Nonergodic Diffusion of Single Atoms in a Periodic Potential
- Making statistics work: a quantum engine in the BEC-BCS crossover
- Anderson localization of ultracold atoms: Where is the mobility edge?
- Bounds on the entanglement entropy by the number entropy in non-interacting fermionic systems
- Dilute Bose gas with correlated disorder: A Path Integral Monte Carlo study
- Resonance-induced growth of number entropy in strongly disordered systems
- Quantum diffusion with disorder, noise and interaction
- Unlimited growth of particle fluctuations in many-body localized phases
- Critical properties of the metal-insulator transition in anisotropic systems
- The Spectral Backbone of Excitation Transport in Ultra-Cold Rydberg Gases
- Inelastic scattering puts in question recent claims of Anderson localization of light
- Spin-polarized fermions with -wave interactions
- Entanglement dynamics in the three-dimensional Anderson model
- Diffusive density profiles in a cold-atom expansion experiment
- Cloud shape of a molecular Bose-Einstein condensate in a disordered trap: a case study of the dirty boson problem
- Diffusion of cold atomic gases in the presence of an optical speckle potential
- Observing the loss and revival of long-range phase coherence through disorder quenches
- Effects of disorder upon transport and Anderson Localization in a finite, two dimensional Bose gas
- Suppression of transport anisotropy at the Anderson localization transition in three-dimensional anisotropic media
- Phase Diagram Detection via Gaussian Fitting of Number Probability Distribution
- Indicators of wavefunction (de)localization in the avoided crossing in a quadrupole cavity
- Anisotropy of localized states in an anisotropic disordered medium
Cited by in corpus (4)
- Machine Learning Analysis of Anomalous Diffusion
- Dissipation induced transition between delocalization and localization in the three-dimensional Anderson model
- Stabilizing an ultracold Fermi gas against Fermi acceleration to superdiffusion through localization
- Transport scaling and critical tilt effects in disordered two-dimensional Dirac fermions