First Measurement of $R(X_{\ddot{I}„/\ell })$ as an Inclusive Test of the $b\to c\ddot{I}„\hat{I}½$ Anomaly

Abstract

We measure the tau-to-light-lepton ratio of inclusive $B$-meson branching fractions $R(X_{\ddot{I}„/\ell })\equiv \mathcal{B}(B\to X\ddot{I}„\hat{I}½)/\mathcal{B}(B\to X\ell \hat{I}½)$, where $\ell$ indicates an electron or muon, and thereby test the universality of charged-current weak interactions. We select events that have one fully reconstructed $B$ meson and a charged lepton candidate from $189{\mathrm{fb}}^{-1}$ of electron-positron collision data collected with the Belle II detector. We find $R(X_{\ddot{I}„/\ell })=0.228\pm 0.016(\mathrm{stat})\pm 0.036(\mathrm{syst})$, in agreement with standard-model expectations. This is the first direct measurement of $R(X_{\ddot{I}„/\ell })$.