Free energy and metastable states in the square-lattice - Ising model
arXiv:2310.20385 · doi:10.21468/SciPostPhys.16.6.151
Abstract
Free energy as a function of polarization is calculated for the square-lattice - Ising model for using the random local field approximation (RLFA) and Monte Carlo (MC) simulations. Within RLFA, it reveals a metastable state with zero polarization in the ordered phase. In addition, the Landau free energy calculated within RLFA indicates a geometric slab-droplet phase transition at low temperature, which cannot be predicted by the mean field approximation. In turn, restricted free energy calculations for finite-size samples, exact and using MC simulations, reveal metastable states with a wide range of polarization values, but with only two domains. Taking into account the dependence of the restricted free energy on the nearest-neighbor correlations allows us to identify several more metastable states. The calculations also reveal additional slab-droplet transitions at . These findings enrich our knowledge of the - Ising model and the RLFA as a useful theoretical tool to study phase transitions in spin systems.
arXiv comment22 pages, 16 figures
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