Gravitational wave analogues in spin nematics and cold atoms

Abstract

Many large-scale phenomena in our Universe, such as gravitational waves, are challenging to reproduce in laboratory settings. However, parallels with condensed matter systems can provide alternative routes for experimental accessibility. Here we show how spin nematic phases provide a low-energy avenue for accessing the physics of linearized gravity, and in particular that their Goldstone modes are relativistically-dispersing massless spin-2 excitations, analogous to gravitational waves. We show at the level of the action that the low-energy effective field theory describing a spin nematic is in correspondence with that of linearized gravity. We then explicitly identify a microscopic model of a spin-1 magnet whose excitations in the low energy limit are relativistically dispersing, massless spin-2 Bosons which are in one-to-one correspondence with gravitational waves and, supported by simulation, outline a procedure for directly observing these analogue waves in a cold gas of ${}^{23}$Na atoms.

References in corpus (20)

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Cited by in corpus (3)

• Eight-color chiral spin liquid in the $S=1$ bilinear-biquadratic model with Kitaev interactions
• Emergent curved space and gravitational lensing in quantum materials
• Emergent quantum field theories on curved spacetimes in spinor Bose-Einstein condensates: from scalar to Proca fields