Constraining Ultralight Dark Matter through an Accelerated Resonant Search

Abstract

Experiments aimed at detecting ultralight dark matter typically rely on resonant effects, which are sensitive to the dark matter mass that matches the resonance frequency. In this study, we investigate the nucleon couplings of ultralight axion dark matter using a magnetometer operating in a nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) mode. Our approach involves the use of a ${}^{21}$Ne spin-based sensor, which features the lowest nuclear magnetic moment among noble-gas spins. This configuration allows us to achieve an ultrahigh sensitivity of 0.73 fT/Hz${}^{1/2}$ at around 5 Hz, corresponding to energy resolution of approximately 1.5$\times 10^{-23}eV/H{\mathrm{z}}^{1/2}$. Our analysis reveals that under certain conditions it is beneficial to scan the frequency with steps significantly larger than the resonance width. The analytical results are in agreement with experimental data and the scan strategy is potentially applicable to other resonant searches. Further, our study establishes stringent constraints on axion-like particles (ALP) in the 4.5--15.5 Hz Compton-frequency range coupling to neutrons and protons, improving on prior work by several-fold. Within a band around 4.6--6.6 Hz and around 7.5 Hz, our laboratory findings surpass astrophysical limits derived from neutron-star cooling. Hence, we demonstrate an accelerated resonance search for ultralight dark matter, achieving an approximately 30-fold increase in scanning step while maintaining competitive sensitivity.

13 pages, 11 figures, accepted by Communications Physics

References in corpus (48)

• Asymptotic formulae for likelihood-based tests of new physics
• Fano resonances in nanoscale structures
• Search for New Physics with Atoms and Molecules
• Ultrastrong coupling regimes of light-matter interaction
• New CAST Limit on the Axion-Photon Interaction
• Cosmic Structure as the Quantum Interference of a Coherent Dark Wave
• Experimental Searches for the Axion and Axion-like Particles
• A Search for Invisible Axion Dark Matter with the Axion Dark Matter Experiment
• Nuclear spin gyroscope based on an atomic co-magnetometer
• A quantum-enhanced search for dark matter axions
• Spin-exchange relaxation free magnetometry with Cs vapor
• New Observables for Direct Detection of Axion Dark Matter
• A low-noise ferrite magnetic shield
• Search for "Invisible" Axion Dark Matter in the $3.3\text{-}4.2\mu$eV Mass Range
• Axion Dark Matter Search around 6.7 $\mu$eV
• First Results from Axion Haloscope at CAPP around 10.7 $\mu$eV
• Dark matter local density determination: recent observations and future prospects
• Search for axionlike dark matter with a liquid-state nuclear spin comagnetometer
• Piezoelectrically Tuned Multimode Cavity Search for Axion Dark Matter
• Search for invisible axion dark matter with a multiple-cell haloscope
• The HAYSTAC Axion Search Analysis Procedure
• Constraints on bosonic dark matter from ultralow-field nuclear magnetic resonance
• Upper Limit on the QCD Axion Mass from Isolated Neutron Star Cooling
• Hybrid optical pumping of optically dense alkali-metal vapor without quenching gas
• Ultrasensitive atomic comagnetometer with enhanced nuclear spin coherence
• New Constraints on Exotic Spin-Velocity-Dependent Interactions
• Comagnetometer probes of dark matter and new physics
• Strong coupling of a single ion to an optical cavity
• New limits on Anomalous Spin-Spin Interactions
• New Experimental Limits on Exotic Spin-Spin-Velocity-Dependent Interactions By Using SmCo${}_5$ Spin Sources
• Projected Sensitivity of DMRadio-m${}^3$: A Search for the QCD Axion Below $1\mu$eV
• Search for Dark Matter Axions with CAST-CAPP
• Searching for Axion Dark Matter with Birefringent Cavities
• Axion Dark Matter eXperiment: Run 1B Analysis Details
• NASDUCK: New Constraints on Axion-like Dark Matter from Floquet Quantum Detector
• Axion Dark Matter Detection by Superconducting Resonant Frequency Conversion
• Design and performance of the ADMX SQUID-based microwave receiver
• Search for galactic axions with a high-Q dielectric cavity
• Introducing DMRadio-GUT, a search for GUT-scale QCD axions
• Entangled sensor-networks for dark-matter searches
• Entanglement-enhanced optomechanical sensor array for dark matter searches
• Response of atomic spin-based sensors to magnetic and nonmagnetic perturbations
• On the Sensitivity of Spin-Precession Axion Experiments
• Extended Axion Dark Matter Search Using the CAPP18T Haloscope
• Nuclear Matrix Elements for Tests of Local Lorentz Invariance Violation
• Detecting axion dark matter beyond the magnetoquasistatic approximation
• Frequency-scanning considerations in axionlike dark matter spin-precession experiments
• Enhanced quantum sensing with amplification and deamplification

Cited by in corpus (12)

• Dark Matter Search with a Resonantly-Coupled Hybrid Spin System
• Slaying Axion-Like Particles via Gravitational Waves and Primordial Black Holes from Supercooled Phase Transition
• From Supernovae to Neutron Stars: A Systematic Approach to Axion Production at Finite Density
• Nuclear Spin Metrology with Nitrogen Vacancy Center in Diamond for Axion Dark Matter Detection
• Searching for dark matter with a 1000 km baseline interferometer
• New Technologies for Axion and Dark Photon Searches
• A Ramsey Neutron-Beam Experiment to Search for Ultralight Axion Dark Matter at the ESS
• Annual-modulation fingerprint of the axion wind induced sideband triplet in quantum dot spin qubit sensors
• Search for a solar-bound axion halo using the Global Network of Optical Magnetometers for Exotic physics searches
• Quantum Error Correction Assisted Axion Search in CMOS Spin Qubit Arrays
• Cavity, lumped-circuit, and spin-based detection of axion dark matter: differences and similarities
• Emerging axion detection in artificial magnetoelectric materials