Constraints on the origins of the Galactic neutrino flux

Abstract

Galactic and extragalactic objects in the universe are sources of high-energy neutrinos {that may contribute to the astrophysical neutrino signal seen by IceCube.} Recently, a study done using cascade-like events seen by IceCube reported neutrino emission from the Galactic plane with $>$4$\sigma$ significance. In this work, we put a lower limit on the number of Galactic sources required to explain this emission. To achieve this, we {use} a simulation package created to simulate point sources in the Galaxy along with the neutrino and gamma-ray flux emissions originating from them. Along with {using} past IceCube discovery potential curves, we also account for Eddington bias effects due to Poisson fluctuations in the number of detected neutrino events.{We present a toy Monte Carlo simulation to show that there should be at least 8 sources, each with luminosities $1.6\times 10^{35}$erg/s responsible for the Galactic neutrino emission. } Our results constrain the number of individual point-like emission regions, which applies both to discrete astrophysical sources and to individual points of diffuse emission.

Published in The Astrophysical Journal

References in corpus (21)

• The spectrum of isotropic diffuse gamma-ray emission between 100 MeV and 820 GeV
• Incremental Fermi Large Area Telescope Fourth Source Catalog
• The Parkes multibeam pulsar survey: VI. Discovery and timing of 142 pulsars and a Galactic population analysis
• Evidence for neutrino emission from the nearby active galaxy NGC 1068
• Time-integrated Neutrino Source Searches with 10 years of IceCube Data
• Observation of high-energy neutrinos from the Galactic plane
• First Detection of sub-PeV Diffuse Gamma Rays from the Galactic Disk: Evidence for Ubiquitous Galactic Cosmic Rays beyond PeV Energies
• 3HWC: The Third HAWC Catalog of Very-High-Energy Gamma-ray Sources
• Constraints on Galactic Neutrino Emission with Seven Years of IceCube Data
• Measurement of ultra-high-energy diffuse gamma-ray emission of the Galactic plane from 10 TeV to 1 PeV with LHAASO-KM2A
• A direct measurement of the distance to the Galactic center using the kinematics of bar stars
• The Gamma-Ray Pulsar Population of Globular Clusters: Implications for the GeV Excess
• MAGIC observations of the diffuse $\gamma$-ray emission in the vicinity of the Galactic Centre
• VERITAS Observations of the Galactic Center Region at Multi-TeV Gamma-Ray Energies
• IceCube Search for High-Energy Neutrino Emission from TeV Pulsar Wind Nebulae
• Estimating the GeV Emission of Millisecond Pulsars in Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxies
• Search for High-Energy Neutrino Emission from Galactic X-ray Binaries with IceCube
• Constraints on populations of neutrino sources from searches in the directions of IceCube neutrino alerts
• Searches for Neutrinos from LHAASO ultra-high-energy γ-ray sources using the IceCube Neutrino Observatory
• Identifying Galactic Sources of High-Energy Neutrinos
• The Observation of High-Energy Neutrinos from the Cosmos: Lessons Learned for Multimessenger Astronomy

Cited by in corpus (1)

• Estimatingthe Contribution of Galactic Neutrino Sources