Tiny Sc allows the chains to rattle: Impact of Lu and Y doping on the charge density wave in ScV${}_6$Sn${}_6$

Abstract

The kagome metals display an intriguing variety of electronic and magnetic phases arising from the connectivity of atoms on a kagome lattice. A growing number of these materials with vanadium kagome nets host charge density waves (CDWs) at low temperatures including ScV${}_6$Sn${}_6$, CsV${}_3$Sb${}_5$, and V${}_3$Sb${}_2$. Curiously, only the Sc version of the $R$V${}_6$Sn${}_6$ HfFe${}_6$Ge${}_6$-type materials hosts a CDW ($R=$Gd-Lu, Y, Sc). In this study we investigate the role of rare earth size in CDW formation in the $R$V${}_6$Sn${}_6$ compounds. Magnetization measurements on our single crystals of (Sc,Lu)V${}_6$Sn${}_6$ and (Sc,Y)V${}_6$Sn${}_6$ establish that the CDW is suppressed by substitution of Sc by larger Lu or Y. Single crystal x-ray diffraction reveals that compressible Sn-Sn bonds accommodate the larger rare earth atoms within loosely packed $R$-Sn-Sn chains without significantly expanding the lattice. We propose that Sc provides the extra room in these chains crucial to CDW formation in ScV${}_6$Sn${}_6$. Our rattling chain model explains why both physical pressure and substitution by larger rare earths hinder CDW formation despite opposite impacts on lattice size. We emphasize the cooperative effect of pressure and rare earth size by demonstrating that pressure further suppresses the CDW in a Lu-doped ScV${}_6$Sn${}_6$ crystal. Our model not only addresses why a CDW only forms in the $R$V${}_6$Sn${}_6$ materials with tiny Sc, it also advances to our understanding of why unusual CDWs form in the kagome metals.

28 pages, 9 figures, crystallographic information files for LuV6Sn6 and YV6Sn6 along with supplemental materials in ancillary files

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Cited by in corpus (14)

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• Stability frontiers in the AM${}_6$X${}_6$ kagome metals: The LnNb${}_6$Sn${}_6$ (Ln:Ce-Lu,Y) family and density-wave transition in LuNb${}_6$Sn${}_6$
• Kagome metals
• Quantum oscillations in kagome metals (Ti, Zr, Hf)V6Sn6 at Van Hove filling
• Quantum Oscillations Evidence for Topological Bands in Kagome Metal ScV6Sn6
• Frustrated Ising charge correlations in the kagome metal ScV${}_6$Sn${}_6$
• Origin of competing charge density waves in kagome metal ScV${}_6$Sn${}_6$
• Discovery of an Intermediate Nematic State in a Bilayer Kagome Metal ScV6Sn6
• Magnetic order and physical properties of the Kagome metal UNb${}_6$Sn${}_6$
• Pressure suppresses the density wave order in kagome metal LuNb${}_6$Sn${}_6$
• Beyond kagome: $p$-bands in kagome metals
• Synergistic doping and stabilization of magnetically tunable LnTi${}_3$(Sb,Sn)${}_4$ (Ln:Ce--Gd) kagome metals
• Structural modulation, physical properties, and electronic band structure of the kagome metal UCr${}_6$Ge${}_6$
• Single crystal growth, structural and physical properties, and absence of a charge density wave in Ti_{0.85}Fe6Ge6