Insight into the electronic structure of the centrosymmetric skyrmion magnet GdRu${}_2$Si${}_2$

Abstract

The discovery of a square magnetic-skyrmion lattice in GdRu${}_2$Si${}_2$, with the smallest so far found skyrmion diameter and without a geometrically frustrated lattice, has attracted significant attention, particularly for potential applications in memory devices and quantum computing. In this work, we present a comprehensive study of surface and bulk electronic structures of GdRu${}_2$Si${}_2$ by utilizing momentum-resolved photoemission (ARPES) measurements and first-principles calculations. We show how the electronic structure evolves during the antiferromagnetic transition when a peculiar helical order of 4$f$ magnetic moments within the Gd layers sets in. A nice agreement of the ARPES-derived electronic structure with the calculated one has allowed us to characterize the features of the Fermi surface (FS), unveil the nested region along the $k_z$ at the corner of the 3D FS, and reveal their orbital compositions. Our findings suggest that the Ruderman-Kittel-Kasuya-Yosida interaction plays a decisive role in stabilizing the spiral-like order of Gd 4$f$ moments responsible for the skyrmion physics in GdRu${}_2$Si${}_2$. Our results provide a deeper understanding of electronic and magnetic properties of this material, which is crucial for predicting and developing novel skyrmion-based devices.

13 pages, 8 figures

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• Uniaxial Pressure Effects, Phase Diagram, and Tricritical Point in the Centrosymmetric Skyrmion Lattice Magnet GdRu${}_2$Si${}_2$
• A Magnon Band Analysis of GdRu2Si2 in the Field-Polarized State
• Origin of multiple skyrmion phases in EuAl4
• Bimeron Crystals by a Linearly Polarized AC Electric Field in Frustrated Magnets
• Double-$Q$ and quadruple-$Q$ instabilities at low-symmetric ordering wave vectors under tetragonal symmetry
• Image of helical local moment magnetic order in the STM spectrum
• Photoemission insights into lanthanide-based crystals
• Field-tunable quadruple-$Q$ states driven by momentum-space frustration
• Revealing the intrinsic electronic structure and complex fermiology of YRu2Si2 using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy