Transverse Momentum Distributions of Heavy Hadrons and Polarized Heavy Quarks

Abstract

We initiate the study of transverse momentum-dependent (TMD) fragmentation functions for heavy quarks, demonstrate their factorization in terms of novel nonperturbative matrix elements in heavy-quark effective theory (HQET), and prove new TMD sum rules that arise from heavy-quark spin symmetry. We discuss the phenomenology of heavy-quark TMD FFs at $B$ factories and find that the Collins effect, in contrast to claims in the literature, is not parametrically suppressed by the heavy-quark mass. We further calculate all TMD parton distribution functions for the production of heavy quarks from polarized gluons within the nucleon and use our results to demonstrate the potential of the future EIC to resolve TMD heavy-quark fragmentation in semi-inclusive DIS, complementing the planned EIC program to use heavy quarks as probes of gluon distributions.

42 pages + references, 7 figures; v2: corrected matching for heavy-quark Boer-Mulders function, journal version

References in corpus (14)

• A first unbiased global determination of polarized PDFs and their uncertainties
• Jets from Massive Unstable Particles: Top-Mass Determination
• Matches and mismatches in the descriptions of semi-inclusive processes at low and high transverse momentum
• Top Jets in the Peak Region: Factorization Analysis with NLL Resummation
• Parton Fragmentation Functions
• Direct Probes of Linearly Polarized Gluons inside Unpolarized Hadrons
• Collins Fragmentation and the Single Transverse Spin Asymmetry
• Evidence for intrinsic charm quarks in the proton
• Reparameterization Invariant Collinear Operators
• Polarized jet fragmentation functions
• The persistent nonperturbative charm enigma
• Factorization at Next-to-Leading Power and Endpoint Divergences in $gg\to h$ Production
• Two-loop bottom mass effects on the Higgs transverse momentum spectrum in top-induced gluon fusion
• Quark mass effects in double parton distributions

Cited by in corpus (6)

• High-energy QCD dynamics from bottom flavor fragmentation at the Hi-Lumi LHC
• Drell-Yan Transverse-Momentum Spectra at N${}^3$LL${}^{\prime }$ and Approximate N${}^4$LL with SCETlib
• Transverse Momentum-Dependent Heavy-Quark Fragmentation at Next-to-Leading Order
• Polarized TMD fragmentation functions for $J/\psi$ production
• Polarized fragmenting jet functions in Inclusive and Exclusive Jet Production
• Polarized $J/\psi$ production in semi-inclusive DIS at large $Q^2$: Comparing quark fragmentation and photon-gluon fusion