Large magnetocaloric effect in the kagome ferromagnet Li${}_9$Cr${}_3$(P${}_2$O${}_7$)${}_3$(PO${}_4$)${}_2$

Abstract

Single-crystal growth, magnetic properties, and magnetocaloric effect of the $S=3/2$ kagome ferromagnet Li${}_9$Cr${}_3$(P${}_2$O${}_7$)${}_3$(PO${}_4$)${}_2$ (trigonal, space group: $P\bar{3}c1$) are reported. Magnetization data suggest dominant ferromagnetic intra-plane coupling with a weak anisotropy and the onset of ferromagnetic ordering at $T_{\mathrm{C}}\simeq 2.6$ K. Microscopic analysis reveals a very small ratio of interlayer to intralayer ferromagnetic couplings ($J_{\perp }/J\simeq 0.02$). Electron spin resonance data suggest the presence of short-range correlations above $T_{\mathrm{C}}$ and confirms quasi-two-dimensional character of the spin system. A large magnetocaloric effect characterized by isothermal entropy change of $-\Delta S_{\mathrm{m}}\simeq 31$ J kg${}^{-1}$ K${}^{-1}$ and adiabatic temperature change of $-\Delta T_{\mathrm{ad}}\simeq 9$ K upon a field sweep of 7 T is observed around $T_{\mathrm{C}}$. This leads to a large relative cooling power of $RCP\simeq 284$ J kg${}^{-1}$. The large magnetocaloric effect, together with negligible hysteresis render Li${}_9$Cr${}_3$(P${}_2$O${}_7$)${}_3$(PO${}_4$)${}_2$ a promising material for magnetic refrigeration at low temperatures. The magnetocrystalline anisotropy constant $K\simeq -7.42\times 10^4$ erg cm${}^{-3}$ implies that the compound is an easy-plane type ferromagnet with the hard axis normal to the $ab$-plane, consistent with the magnetization data.

13 pages, 14 figures

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