Quantifying the magnetic interactions governing chiral spin textures using deep neural networks

Abstract

The interplay of magnetic interactions in chiral multilayer films gives rise to nanoscale topological spin textures, which form attractive elements for next-generation computing. Quantifying these interactions requires several specialized, time-consuming, and resource-intensive experimental techniques. Imaging of ambient domain configurations presents a promising avenue for high-throughput extraction of the parent magnetic interactions. Here we present a machine learning-based approach to determine the key interactions -- symmetric exchange, chiral exchange, and anisotropy -- governing chiral domain phenomenology in multilayers. Our convolutional neural network model, trained and validated on over 10,000 domain images, achieved $R^2>0.85$ in predicting the parameters and independently learned physical interdependencies between them. When applied to microscopy data acquired across samples, our model-predicted parameter trends are consistent with independent experimental measurements. These results establish ML-driven techniques as valuable, high-throughput complements to conventional determination of magnetic interactions, and serve to accelerate materials and device development for nanoscale electronics.

7 pages, 6 figures

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