Hydrodynamics and Nucleosynthesis of Jet-Driven Supernovae I: Parameter Study of the Dependence on Jet Energetics

Abstract

Rotating massive stars with initial progenitor masses $M_{\mathrm{prog}}\sim$ 25 $M_{\odot }$ -- $\sim$140 $M_{\odot }$ can leave rapidly rotating black holes to become collapsars. The black holes and the surrounding accretion disks may develop powerful jets by magneto-hydrodynamics instabilities. The propagation of the jet in the stellar envelope provides the necessary shock heating for triggering nucleosynthesis unseen in canonical core-collapse supernovae. Yet, the energy budget of the jet and its effects on the final chemical abundance pattern are unclear. In this exploratory work, we present a survey on the parameter dependence of collapsar nucleosynthesis on jet energetics. We use the zero-metallicity star with $M_{\mathrm{prog}}\sim$ 40 $M_{\odot }$ as the progenitor. The parameters include the jet duration, its energy deposition rate, deposited energy, and the opening angle. We examine the correlations of following observables: (1) the ejecta and remnant masses, (2) the energy deposition efficiency, (3) the ${}^{56}$Ni production and its correlation with the ejecta velocity, deposited energy, and the ejected mass, (4) the Sc-Ti-V correlation as observed in metal-poor stars, and (5) the [Zn/Fe] ratio as observed in some metal-poor stars. We also provide the chemical abundance table of these explosion models for the use of the galactic chemical evolution and stellar archaeology.

21 pages, 32 figures. Accepted for publication in Astrophysical Journal, submitted at Jul 13 2022, revised at Jan 17 2023, accepted at Feb 20 2023, published at May 9 2023

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