Frequency-multiplexed Hong-Ou-Mandel interference

Abstract

The implementation of quantum repeaters needed for long-distance quantum communication requires the generation of quantum entanglement distributed among the elementary links. These entanglements must be swapped among the quantum repeaters through Bell-state measurements. This study aims to improve the entanglement generation rate by frequency multiplexing the Bell-state measurements. As a preliminary step of the frequency-multiplexed Bell-state measurements, three frequency modes are mapped to a temporal mode by an atomic frequency comb prepared in $\mathrm{P}{\mathrm{r}}^{3+}$ ion-doped ${\mathrm{Y}}_2\mathrm{Si}{\mathrm{O}}_5$ crystals using a weak coherent state, and Hong-Ou-Mandel interference, which is a measure of the indistinguishability of two inputs, is observed in each frequency mode by coincidence detection. The visibility for all the modes was 40%-42% (theoretically up to 50%). Furthermore, we show that a mixture of different modes is avoided. The present results are connected to frequency-selective Bell-state measurements and therefore frequency-multiplexed quantum repeaters.

9 pages, 6 figures

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