Electron-Ion Temperature Ratio in Astrophysical Shocks

Abstract

Collisionless shock waves in supernova remnants and the solar wind heat electrons less effectively than they heat ions, as is predicted by kinetic simulations. However, the values of T${}_e$/T${}_p$ inferred from the H alpha profiles of supernova remnant shocks behave differently as a function of Mach number or Alfvén Mach number than what is measured in the solar wind or predicted by simulations. Here we determine T${}_e$/T${}_p$ for supernova remnant shocks using H alpha profiles, shock speeds from proper motions, and electron temperatures from X-ray spectra. We also improve the estimates of sound speed and Alfvén speed used to determine Mach numbers. We find that the H alpha determinations are robust and that the discrepancies among supernova remnant shocks, solar wind shocks and computer-simulated shocks remain. We discuss some possible contributing factors, including shock precursors, turbulence and varying preshock conditions.

References in corpus (82)

• Observation of magnetic field generation via the Weibel instability in interpenetrating plasma flows
• Global cosmic-ray related luminosity and energy budget of the Milky Way
• A Physical Relationship Between Electron-Proton Temperature Equilibration and Mach Number in Fast Collisionless Shocks
• Balmer-Dominated Spectra of Nonradiative Shocks in the Cygnus Loop, RCW 86 and Tycho Supernova Remnants
• Filamentation instability of counter-streaming laser-driven plasmas
• On the role of injection in kinetic approaches to nonlinear particle acceleration at non-relativistic shock waves
• The SN 1006 Remnant: Optical Proper Motions, Deep Imaging, Distance, and Brightness at Maximum
• The Optical Spectrum of the SN 1006 Supernova Remnant Revisited
• Electron-Ion Temperature Equilibration in Collisionless Shocks: the Supernova Remnant-Solar Wind Connection
• Spatial Structure and Collisionless Electron Heating in Balmer-dominated Shocks
• High Resolution Spectroscopy of Balmer-Dominated Shocks in the RCW 86, Kepler and SN 1006 Supernova Remnants
• Dust Destruction in Type Ia Supernova Remnants in the Large Magellanic Cloud
• Generation and Evolution of High-Mach Number, Laser-Driven Magnetized Collisionless Shocks in the Laboratory
• New Evidence for Efficient Collisionless Heating of Electrons at the Reverse Shock of a Young Supernova Remnant
• Magnetic Field Structure of the Large Magellanic Cloud from Faraday Rotation Measures of Diffuse Polarized Emission
• The Physics of Supernova Remnant Blast Waves. II. Electron-Ion Equilibration in DEM L71 in the Large Magellanic Cloud
• Resolved shock structure of the Balmer-dominated filaments in Tycho's supernova remnant: Cosmic-ray precursor?
• Balmer-Dominated Shocks Revisited
• A cosmic ray current driven instability in partially ionised media
• On the electron-ion temperature ratio established by collisionless shocks
• Kepler's Supernova: An Overluminous Type Ia Event Interacting with a Massive Circumstellar Medium at a Very Late Phase
• Proper Motions of H-alpha filaments in the Supernova Remnant RCW 86
• Collisionless shock heating of heavy ions in SN 1987A
• Electron Preacceleration in Weak Quasi-perpendicular Shocks in High-beta Intracluster Medium
• The kinematics and chemical stratification of the Type Ia supernova remnant 0519-69.0
• Cosmic-Ray Acceleration Efficiency vs Temperature Equilibration: the Case of SNR 0509-67.5
• Magnetic field amplification by the Weibel instability at planetary and astrophysical high-Mach-number shocks
• Collisionless shock in a partially ionized medium. II. Balmer emission
• On cosmic-ray production efficiency at supernova remnant shocks propagating into realistic diffuse interstellar medium
• An X-ray and Radio Study of the Varying Expansion Velocities in Tycho's Supernova Remnant
• Optical tomography of chemical elements synthesized in Type Ia supernovae
• Far Ultraviolet Spectra of a Non-Radiative Shock Wave in the Cygnus Loop
• An Integral View of Fast Shocks around Supernova 1006
• Shock Speed, Cosmic Ray Pressure, and Gas Temperature in the Cygnus Loop
• Magnetic fields in the Milky Way from pulsar observations: effect of the correlation between thermal electrons and magnetic fields
• The Detection of Far Ultraviolet Line Emission from Balmer-Dominated Supernova Remnants in the Large Magellanic Cloud
• Electron Heating in Low Mach Number Perpendicular shocks. I. Heating Mechanism
• X-ray Proper Motions and Shock Speeds along the Northwest Rim of SN 1006
• Non-Maxwellian Proton Velocity Distributions in Nonradiative Shocks
• Electron Heating in Low Mach Number Perpendicular shocks. II. Dependence on the Pre-Shock Conditions
• Effects of Leakage Neutral Particles on Shocks
• Effects of Neutral Hydrogen on Cosmic Ray Precursors in Supernova Remnant Shock Waves
• Rotation measure structure functions with higher-order stencils as a probe of small-scale magnetic fluctuations and its application to the Small and Large Magellanic Clouds
• XMM-Newton evidence of shocked ISM in SN 1006: indications of hadronic acceleration
• Broad Balmer line emission and cosmic ray acceleration efficiency in supernova remnant shocks
• A Chandra Study of the Interstellar Metallicity in the Large Magellanic Cloud Using Supernova Remnants
• Temperature Equilibration Behind the Shock Front: an Optical and X-ray Study of RCW 86
• Electron Heating in Perpendicular Low-Beta Shocks
• Electron energy partition across interplanetary shocks: III. Analysis
• Chandra Observations of the Northeastern Rim of the Cygnus Loop
• Electron Acceleration at Rippled Low-Mach-number Shocks in High-beta Collisionless Cosmic Plasmas
• Kinetic simulation of nonrelativistic perpendicular shocks of young supernova remnants. IV. Electron heating
• The Refined Shock Velocity of the X-Ray Filaments in the RCW 86 Northeast Rim
• HST-STIS Observations of the Cygnus Loop: Spatial Structure of a Non-radiative Shock
• A Radio Polarisation Study of Magnetic Fields in the Small Magellanic Cloud
• The First Reported Infrared Emission from the SN 1006 Remnant
• Integral Field Spectroscopy of Balmer-Dominated Shocks in the Magellanic Cloud Supernova Remnant N103B
• Carbon, Helium and Proton Kinetic Temperatures in a Cygnus Loop Shock Wave
• The Expansion of the Forward Shock of 1E 0102.2-7219 in X-rays
• Constraints on Cosmic-ray Acceleration Efficiency in Balmer Shocks of Two Young Type Ia Supernova Remnants in the Large Magellanic Cloud
• Spatially-Resolved Spectroscopy of a Balmer-Dominated Shock in the Cygnus Loop: An Extremely Thin Cosmic-Ray Precursor?
• Non-linear diffusive shock acceleration: A recipe for injection of electrons
• The Expansion of the Young Supernova Remnant 0509-68.7 (N103B)
• Balmer filaments in Tycho's supernova remnant: an interplay between cosmic-ray and broad-neutral precursors
• Cosmic Ray acceleration and Balmer emission from RCW 86 (G315.4-2.3)
• Multiple accelerated particle populations in the Cygnus Loop with Fermi-LAT
• The Center of Expansion and Age of the Oxygen-rich Supernova Remnant 1E 0102.2-7219
• Pre-acceleration in the Electron Foreshock II: Oblique Whistler Waves
• A Hydro-Based MCMC Analysis of SNR 0509-67.5 Revealing the Explosion Properties from Fluid Discontinuities Alone
• Stochastic re-acceleration and magnetic-field damping in Tycho's supernova remnant
• Magnetic field and ISM in the local Galactic disc
• Evidence for a Dense, Inhomogeneous Circumstellar Medium in the Type Ia SNR 0519-69.0
• A Third Epoch Proper Motion Study of The Forward Shock in Kepler's Supernova Remnant
• Polarized Balmer Line Emission from Supernova Remnant Shock Waves Efficiently Accelerating Cosmic Rays
• Locating the CSM Emission within the Type Ia Supernova Remnant N103B
• Discovery of Year-Scale Time Variability from Thermal X-ray Emission in Tycho's Supernova Remnant
• Rapid Expansion of the Young Type Ia Supernova Remnant 0519-69.0: More Evidence for a Circumstellar Shell
• Discovery of polarized line emission in SN1006
• Spatially Resolved Chandra Spectroscopy of Supernova Remnant DEM L71 in the Large Magellanic Cloud
• Electron Energization in Quasi-Parallel Shocks: Test-Particle-Electrons in a Proton Driven Turbulence
• Interplay between Physics and Geometry in Balmer filaments: the Case of SN 1006
• An X-ray Proper Motion Study of the LMC SNR 0509-67.5

Cited by in corpus (12)

• Electron heating in high Mach number collisionless shocks
• Core-collapse supernova inside the core of a young massive star cluster: 3D MHD simulations
• Study of X-ray emission from the S147 nebula by SRG/eROSITA: supernova-in-the-cavity scenario
• Electron Heating in the Trans-Relativistic Perpendicular Shocks of Tilted Accretion Flows
• Proper motion of Cygnus loop shock filaments
• Radiative signatures of electron-ion shocks in BL Lac type objects
• A multi-ion non-equilibrium solver for ionised astrophysical plasmas with arbitrary elemental abundances
• Non-linear Diffusive Shock Acceleration of Cosmic Rays -- Quasi-thermal and Non-thermal Particle Distributions
• Probing the Diversity of Type Ia Supernova Remnants in 3-D Hydrodynamic Simulations with X-ray Spectral Synthesis
• Electron-Ion Temperature Ratio in Transrelativistic Unmagnetized Shock Waves
• Energy partition in collisionless counterstreaming plasmas
• The role of the thermal properties of electrons on the dispersion properties of Alfvén waves in space plasmas