Impact of magnetization and hyperfine field distribution on high magnetoelectric coupling strength in BaTiO${}_3$-BiFeO${}_3$ multilayers

Abstract

Understanding the mechanisms of magnetoelectric (ME) coupling within multiferroic structures is paramount from a fundamental as well as an applied point of view. We report here that the magnetoelectric properties, as well as the magnetization, of BaTiO${}_3$-BiFeO${}_3$ superlattices can be tuned by varying the BiFeO${}_3$ layer thickness. The magnetoelectric voltage coefficient (${\alpha }_{ME}$) reaches its maximum of 60.2 Vcm${}^{-1}$Oe${}^{-1}$ at 300 K, one of the highest values reported so far, for a sample with a BiFeO${}_3$ thickness of 5 nm and a BaTiO${}_3$ thickness of 10 nm. To gain deeper insight into the increased magnetoelectric coupling, and both the local and macroscopic magnetic properties, samples with varying BiFeO${}_3$ thicknesses have been investigated. Correlations were established between the hyperfine field (HFF), the magnetoelectric voltage coefficient and the magnetization. The possible mechanisms responsible for the strong magnetoelectric coupling are discussed.

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