Quantum Ergotropy and Quantum Feedback Control

Abstract

We study the energy extraction from and charging to a finite-dimensional quantum system by general quantum operations. We prove that the changes in energy induced by unital quantum operations are limited by the ergotropy/charging bound for unitary quantum operations. This implies that, in order to break the ergotropy/charging bound for unitary quantum operations, one needs to perform a quantum operation with feedback control. We also show that the ergotropy/charging bound for unital quantum operations, applied to initial thermal equilibrium states, is tighter than the inequality representing the standard second law of thermodynamics without feedback control.

arXiv comment11 pages, 7 figures

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Cited by in corpus (4)

• Daemonic ergotropy in continuously-monitored open quantum batteries
• Universal Upper Bound on Ergotropy and No-Go Theorem by the Eigenstate Thermalization Hypothesis
• Heat flow from a measurement apparatus monitoring a dissipative qubit
• Energy exchange and fluctuations between a dissipative qubit and a monitor under continuous measurement and feedback