Impact of decoherence on the fidelity of quantum gates leaving the computational subspace

Abstract

The fidelity of quantum operations is often limited by incoherent errors, which typically can be modeled by fundamental Markovian noise processes such as amplitude damping and dephasing. In Phys. Rev. Lett. 129, 150504 (2022; https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.129.150504), we presented an analytical result for the average gate fidelity of a general multiqubit operation in terms of the dissipative rates and the corresponding Lindblad jump operators, provided that the operation remains in the computational subspace throughout the time evolution. Here we generalize this expression for the average gate fidelity to include the cases where the system state temporarily leaves the computational subspace during the gate. Such gate mechanisms are integral to several quantum-computing platforms, and our formula is applicable to all of them; as examples, we employ it for the two-qubit controlled-Z gate in both superconducting qubits and neutral atoms. We also obtain the average gate fidelity for simultaneous operations applied in multiqubit systems. These results are useful for understanding the error budgets of quantum gates while scaling up quantum computers.

arXiv comment11+10 pages

References in corpus (64)

• Quantum Computing in the NISQ era and beyond
• Supplementary information for "Quantum supremacy using a programmable superconducting processor"
• Charge insensitive qubit design derived from the Cooper pair box
• Variational Quantum Algorithms
• Surface codes: Towards practical large-scale quantum computation
• Quantum Simulation
• Quantum information with Rydberg atoms
• Circuit Quantum Electrodynamics
• A Quantum Engineer's Guide to Superconducting Qubits
• Logic gates at the surface code threshold: Superconducting qubits poised for fault-tolerant quantum computing
• Quantum computational chemistry
• Fast quantum gates for neutral atoms
• Trapped-Ion Quantum Computing: Progress and Challenges
• Microwave photonics with superconducting quantum circuits
• Quantum computing with trapped ions
• Demonstration of Two-Qubit Algorithms with a Superconducting Quantum Processor
• Quantum algorithms: an overview
• Randomized Benchmarking of Quantum Gates
• Quantum information processing with superconducting circuits: a review
• Demonstration of a neutral atom controlled-NOT quantum gate
• Quantum algorithms for quantum chemistry and quantum materials science
• Robust randomized benchmarking of quantum processes
• Entanglement of two individual neutral atoms using Rydberg blockade
• A simple formula for the average gate fidelity of a quantum dynamical operation
• Validating quantum computers using randomized model circuits
• Challenges and Opportunities in Quantum Machine Learning
• Quantum computing for finance: overview and prospects
• Photonic quantum information processing: a review
• Parallel implementation of high-fidelity multi-qubit gates with neutral atoms
• Building logical qubits in a superconducting quantum computing system
• Complete universal quantum gate set approaching fault-tolerant thresholds with superconducting qubits
• Entangling Atomic Spins with a Strong Rydberg-Dressed Interaction
• Semiconductor Qubits In Practice
• Characterization of addressability by simultaneous randomized benchmarking
• A universal gate for fixed-frequency qubits via a tunable bus
• Realization of high-fidelity CZ and ZZ-free iSWAP gates with a tunable coupler
• Process verification of two-qubit quantum gates by randomized benchmarking
• Erasure conversion for fault-tolerant quantum computing in alkaline earth Rydberg atom arrays
• Parametrically Activated Entangling Gates Using Transmon Qubits
• What limits the simulation of quantum computers?
• Estimating the Coherence of Noise
• High-fidelity laser-free universal control of two trapped ion qubits
• Quantification and Characterization of Leakage Errors
• Tunable Coupling Architecture for Fixed-frequency Transmons
• High-Fidelity Bell-State Preparation with ${}^{40}$Ca${}^{+}$ Optical Qubits
• Characterizing errors on qubit operations via iterative randomized benchmarking
• High-fidelity controlled-Z gate with maximal intermediate leakage operating at the speed limit in a superconducting quantum processor
• Quantum process tomography of two-qubit controlled-Z and controlled-NOT gates using superconducting phase qubits
• Scaling of the quantum approximate optimization algorithm on superconducting qubit based hardware
• High-fidelity three-qubit iToffoli gate for fixed-frequency superconducting qubits
• Sub-microsecond entangling gate between trapped ions via Rydberg interaction
• Qubit metrology of ultralow phase noise using randomized benchmarking
• Parametric-resonance entangling gates with a tunable coupler
• Improved success probability with greater circuit depth for the quantum approximate optimization algorithm
• Benchmarking the noise sensitivity of different parametric two-qubit gates in a single superconducting quantum computing platform
• Benchmarking Coherent Errors in Controlled-Phase Gates due to Spectator Qubits
• Universal fidelity reduction of quantum operations from weak dissipation
• Fast multi-qubit gates through simultaneous two-qubit gates
• Extensive characterization of a family of efficient three-qubit gates at the coherence limit
• Average Fidelity in n-Qubit systems
• Single Shot i-Toffoli Gate in Dispersively Coupled Superconducting Qubits
• Noisy Qudit vs Multiple Qubits : Conditions on Gate Efficiency for Enhancing Fidelity
• Robustness of quantum algorithms against coherent control errors
• Quantum-classical tradeoffs and multi-controlled quantum gate decompositions in variational algorithms

Cited by in corpus (6)

• Direct Implementation of High-Fidelity Three-Qubit Gates for Superconducting Processor with Tunable Couplers
• Quantum SWAP gate realized with CZ and iSWAP gates in a superconducting architecture
• Above 99.9% Fidelity Single-Qubit Gates, Two-Qubit Gates, and Readout in a Single Superconducting Quantum Device
• Multi-Qubit Parity Gates for Rydberg Atoms in Various Configurations
• Scalable quantum simulator with an extended gate set in giant atoms
• Quantum Process Tomography with Digital Twins of Error Matrices