Model-Independent Radiative Symmetry Breaking and Gravitational Waves

Abstract

Models where symmetries are predominantly broken (and masses are then generated) through radiative corrections typically produce strong first-order phase transitions with a period of supercooling, when the temperature dropped by several orders of magnitude. Here it is shown that a model-independent description of these phenomena and the consequent production of potentially observable gravitational waves is possible in terms of few parameters (which are computable once the model is specified) if enough supercooling occurred. It is explicitly found how large the supercooling should be in terms of those parameters, in order for the model-independent description to be valid. It is also explained how to systematically improve the accuracy of such description by computing higher-order corrections in an expansion in powers of a small quantity, which is a function of the above-mentioned parameters. Furthermore, the corresponding gravitational wave spectrum is compared with the existing experimental results from the latest observing run of LIGO and VIRGO and the expected sensitivities of future gravitational wave experiments to find regions of the parameter space that are either ruled out or can lead to a future detection.

27 pages, 5 figures, published version

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• Slaying Axion-Like Particles via Gravitational Waves and Primordial Black Holes from Supercooled Phase Transition
• Testing scale-invariant inflation against cosmological data
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• (Multi-field) Natural Inflation and Gravitational Waves
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• Introduction to Thermal Field Theory: From First Principles to Applications
• Gravitational wave footprints from Higgs-portal scalegenesis with multiple dark chiral scalars
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• No room for minimal monopole dark matter