Galaxy cluster rotation revealed in the MACSIS simulations with the kinetic Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect

Abstract

The kinetic Sunyaev-Zeldovich (kSZ) effect has now become a clear target for ongoing and future studies of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) and cosmology. Aside from the bulk cluster motion, internal motions also lead to a kSZ signal. In this work, we study the rotational kSZ effect caused by coherent large-scale motions of the cluster medium using cluster hydrodynamic cosmological simulations. To utilise the rotational kSZ as a cosmological probe, simulations offer some of the most comprehensive data sets that can inform the modelling of this signal. In this work, we use the MACSIS data set to investigate the rotational kSZ effect in massive clusters specifically. Based on these models, we test stacking approaches and estimate the amplitude of the combined signal with varying mass, dynamical state, redshift and map-alignment geometry. We find that the dark matter, galaxy and gas spins are generally misaligned, an effect that can cause a sub-optimal estimation of the rotational kSZ effect when based on galaxy motions. Furthermore, we provide halo-spin-mass scaling relations that can be used to build a statistical model of the rotational kSZ. The rotational kSZ contribution, which is largest in massive unrelaxed clusters ($\gtrsim$100 $\mu$K), could be relevant to studies of higher-order CMB temperature signals, such as the moving lens effect. The limited mass range of the MACSIS sample strongly motivates an extended investigation of the rotational kSZ effect in large-volume simulations to refine the modelling, particularly towards lower mass and higher redshift, and provide forecasts for upcoming cosmological CMB experiments (e.g. Simons Observatory, SKA-2) and X-ray observations (e.g. Athena/X-IFU).

Accepted for publication in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. Feedback and follow-up discussions are welcome. Data and codes can be found at https://github.com/edoaltamura/macsis-cosmosim

References in corpus (21)

• Array Programming with NumPy
• The Astropy Project: Sustaining and Growing a Community-oriented Open-source Project and the Latest Major Release (v5.0) of the Core Package
• Chandra temperature profiles for a sample of nearby relaxed galaxy clusters
• The Quiescent Intracluster Medium in the Core of the Perseus Cluster
• The redshift evolution of massive galaxy clusters in the MACSIS simulations
• Angular momentum properties of haloes and their baryon content in the Illustris simulation
• The impact of baryons on massive galaxy clusters: halo structure and cluster mass estimates
• A Measurement of Gravitational Lensing of the Cosmic Microwave Background by Galaxy Clusters Using Data from the South Pole Telescope
• Relativistic SZ temperature scaling relations of groups and clusters derived from the BAHAMAS and MACSIS simulations
• Projected-Field Kinetic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Cross-Correlations: Halo Model and Forecasts
• Cosmology with the moving lens effect
• A multi-simulation study of relativistic SZ temperature scalings in galaxy clusters and groups
• Detailed Design of the Science Operations for the XRISM mission
• Understanding matched filters for precision cosmology
• On the kinetic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect as an observational probe for halo spin bias
• Looking for a twist: probing the cosmological gravitomagnetic effect via weak lensing-kSZ cross correlations
• Gas clumping and its effect on hydrostatic bias in the MACSIS simulations
• Kinematic effect in gravitational lensing by clusters of galaxies
• Testing the rotation versus merger scenario in the galaxy cluster Abell 2107
• Measuring cosmic filament spin with the kinetic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect
• Measuring the gravitomagnetic distortion from rotating halos I: methods

Cited by in corpus (5)

• Spin speed correlations and the evolution of galaxy-halo systems
• Atacama Large Aperture Submillimeter Telescope (AtLAST) Science: Resolving the Hot and Ionized Universe through the Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect
• The imprints of galaxy cluster internal dynamics on the Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect
• Messier 90 galactic halo rotation in the microwaves
• Searching for rotation in X-COP galaxy clusters