Thermalization and dephasing in collisional reservoirs

Abstract

We introduce a wide class of quantum maps that arise in collisional reservoirs and are able to thermalize a system if they operate in conjunction with an additional dephasing mechanism. These maps describe the effect of collisions and induce transitions between populations that obey detailed balance, but also create coherences that prevent the system from thermalizing. We combine these maps with a unitary evolution acting during random Poissonian times between collisions and causing dephasing. We find that, at a low collision rate, the nontrivial combination of these two effects causes thermalization in the system. This scenario is suitable for modeling collisional reservoirs at equilibrium. We justify this claim by identifying the conditions for such maps to arise within a scattering theory approach and provide a thorough characterization of the resulting thermalization process.

arXiv comment5 pages, 3 figures

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• Nonequilibrium steady states in multi-bath quantum collision models
• Unifying Collisional Models and the Monte Carlo Metropolis Method: Algorithms for Dynamics of Open Quantum Systems
• Universal energy fluctuations in inelastic scattering processes
• Toward Quantum Analog Simulation of Many-Body Supersymmetry with Rydberg Atom Arrays