Thermodynamic and hydrodynamic characteristics of interacting system formed in relativistic heavy ion collisions

Abstract

To study the energy-dependent characteristics of thermodynamic and hydrodynamic parameters, based on the framework of a multi-source thermal model, we analyze the soft transverse momentum ($p_T$) spectra of the charged particles (${\pi }^{-}$, ${\pi }^{+}$, $K^{-}$, $K^{+}$, $\bar{p}$, and $p$) produced in gold-gold (Au-Au) collisions at the center-of-mass energies $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=7.7$, 11.5, 14.5, 19.6, 27, 39, 62.4, and 200 GeV from the STAR Collaboration and in lead-lead (Pb-Pb) collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=2.76$ and 5.02 TeV from the ALICE Collaboration. In the rest framework of emission source, the probability density function obeyed by meson momenta satisfies the Bose-Einstein distribution, and that obeyed by baryon momenta satisfies the Fermi-Dirac distribution. To simulate the $p_T$ of the charged particles, the kinetic freeze-out temperature $T$ and transverse expansion velocity ${\beta }_T$ of emission source are introduced into the relativistic ideal gas model. Our results, based on the Monte Carlo method for numerical calculation, show a good agreement with the experimental data. The excitation functions of thermodynamic parameter $T$ and hydrodynamic parameter ${\beta }_T$ are then obtained from the analyses, which shows an increase tendency from 7.7 GeV to 5.02 TeV in collisions with different centralities.

13 pages, 5 figures. International Journal of Modern Physics E, accepted

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