Printing Protocol: Physical ZKPs for Decomposition Puzzles
arXiv:2302.01235 · doi:10.1007/s00354-024-00266-1
Abstract
Decomposition puzzles are pencil-and-paper logic puzzles that involve partitioning a rectangular grid into several regions to satisfy certain rules. In this paper, we construct a generic card-based protocol called printing protocol, which can be used to physically verify solutions of decompositon puzzles. We apply the printing protocol to develop card-based zero-knowledge proof protocols for two such puzzles: Five Cells and Meadows. These protocols allow a prover to physically show that he/she knows solutions of the puzzles without revealing them.
A preliminary version of this paper has appeared at LATINCRYPT 2023