THz ultra-strong light-matter coupling up to 200K with continuously-graded parabolic quantum wells

Abstract

Continuously graded parabolic quantum wells with excellent optical performances are used to overcome the low-frequency and thermal limitations of square quantum wells at terahertz frequencies. The formation of microcavity intersubband polaritons at frequencies as low as 1.8 THz is demonstrated, with a sustained ultra-strong coupling regime up to a temperature of 200K. It is additionally shown that the ultra-strong coupling regime is preserved when the active region is embedded in sub-wavelength resonators, with an estimated relative strength $\eta ={\Omega }_R/{\omega }_0=0.12$. This represents an important milestone for future studies of quantum vacuum radiation because such resonators can be optically modulated at ultrafast rates, possibly leading to the generation of non-classical light via the dynamic Casimir effect. Finally, with an effective volume of $2.10^{-6}{\lambda }_0^3$, it is estimated that fewer than 3000 electrons per resonator are ultra-strongly coupled to the quantized electromagnetic mode, proving it is also a promising approach to explore few-electron polaritonic systems operating at relatively high temperatures.

arXiv comment7 pages, 4 figures

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Cited by in corpus (3)

• Theory of coherent optical nonlinearities of intersubband transitions in semiconductor quantum wells
• Schottky anomaly in a cavity-coupled double quantum well
• Coherent anharmonicity transfer from matter to light in the THz regime