Finite-Size Security for Discrete-Modulated Continuous-Variable Quantum Key Distribution Protocols

Abstract

Discrete-Modulated (DM) Continuous-Variable Quantum Key Distribution (CV-QKD) protocols are promising candidates for commercial implementations of quantum communication networks due to their experimental simplicity. While tight security analyses in the asymptotic limit exist, proofs in the finite-size regime are still subject to active research. We present a composable finite-size security proof against independently and identically distributed collective attacks for a general DM CV-QKD protocol. We introduce a new energy testing theorem to bound the effective dimension of Bob's system and rigorously prove security within Renner's epsilon-security framework and address the issue of acceptance sets in protocols and their security proof. We want to highlight, that our method also allows for nonunique acceptance statistics, which is necessary in practise. Finally, we extend and apply a numerical security proof technique to calculate tight lower bounds on the secure key rate. To demonstrate our method, we apply it to a quadrature phase-shift keying protocol, both for untrusted, ideal and trusted nonideal detectors. The results show that our security proof method yields secure finite-size key rates under experimentally viable conditions up to at least 72km transmission distance.

V2: 20+16 pages, 8 Figures; Introduced expected key rates (Section VI.D.3 and Appendix F), added finite detection range considerations (Section V.F Appendix B), further minor changes V1: 15+13 pages, 6 Figures

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• Experimental composable key distribution using discrete-modulated continuous variable quantum cryptography
• Improved finite-size key rates for discrete-modulated continuous variable quantum key distribution under coherent attacks
• Integrated InP-based transmitter for Continuous-Variable Quantum Key Distribution
• Ad-hoc hybrid-heterogeneous metropolitan-range quantum key distribution network
• Analyzing the performance of CV-MDI QKD under continuous-mode scenarios
• Long-distance free-space quantum key distribution with continuous variables
• Quantum-secure multiparty deep learning
• Composable Finite-Size Security of High-Dimensional Quantum Key Distribution Protocols
• High-dimensional quantum communication with scalable photonic entanglement in time and frequency
• Finite-size secret-key rates of discrete modulation continuous-variable quantum key distribution under Gaussian attacks
• Finite-size security of QKD: comparison of three proof techniques