Unification of thermal and quantum noise in gravitational-wave detectors

Abstract

Contemporary gravitational-wave detectors are fundamentally limited by thermal noise -- due to dissipation in the mechanical elements of the test mass -- and quantum noise -- from the vacuum fluctuations of the optical field used to probe the test mass position. Two other fundamental noises can in principle also limit sensitivity: test-mass quantization noise due to the zero-point fluctuation of its mechanical modes, and thermal excitation of the optical field. We use the quantum fluctuation-dissipation theorem to unify all four noises. This unified picture shows precisely when test-mass quantization noise and optical thermal noise can be ignored.

5 pages, 2 figures

References in corpus (4)

• Advanced LIGO
• Sensitivity and Performance of the Advanced LIGO Detectors in the Third Observing Run
• Approaching the motional ground state of a 10 kg object
• Quantum theory of feedback cooling of an anelastic macro-mechanical oscillator

Cited by in corpus (4)

• Response of interferometers to the vacuum of quantum gravity
• How gravitational waves change photon orbital angular momentum quantum states
• True and apparent motion of optomechanical resonators, with applications to feedback cooling of gravitational wave detector test masses
• Comments on graviton detection