Quasi-Floquet prethermalization in a disordered dipolar spin ensemble in diamond

Abstract

Floquet (periodic) driving has recently emerged as a powerful technique for engineering quantum systems and realizing non-equilibrium phases of matter. A central challenge to stabilizing quantum phenomena in such systems is the need to prevent energy absorption from the driving field. Fortunately, when the frequency of the drive is significantly larger than the local energy scales of the many-body system, energy absorption is suppressed. The existence of this so-called prethermal regime depends sensitively on the range of interactions and the presence of multiple driving frequencies. Here, we report the observation of Floquet prethermalization in a strongly interacting dipolar spin ensemble in diamond, where the angular dependence of the dipolar coupling helps to mitigate the long-ranged nature of the interaction. Moreover, we extend our experimental observation to quasi-Floquet drives with multiple incommensurate frequencies. In contrast to a single-frequency drive, we find that the existence of prethermalization is extremely sensitive to the smoothness of the applied field. Our results open the door to stabilizing and characterizing non-equilibrium phenomena in quasi-periodically driven systems.

7+13 pages, 3+8 figures

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Cited by in corpus (21)

• Coherent dynamics of strongly interacting electronic spin defects in hexagonal boron nitride
• Isotope engineering for spin defects in van der Waals materials
• Roadmap on Quantum Thermodynamics
• Experimental Realization of Discrete Time Quasi-Crystals
• Temperature dependent spin-phonon coupling of boron-vacancy centers in hexagonal boron nitride
• Sharp detection of the onset of Floquet heating using eigenstate sensitivity
• Prethermalization in aperiodically driven classical spin systems
• Periodically and aperiodically Thue-Morse driven long-range systems: from dynamical localization to slow dynamics
• Prethermalization by Random Multipolar Driving on a 78-Qubit Superconducting Processor
• A metronome spin stabilizes time-crystalline dynamics
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• Engineering Hierarchical Symmetries
• Genuine $k$-partite correlations and entanglement in the ground state of the Dicke model for interacting qubits
• Quasiperiodic Floquet-Gibbs states in Rydberg atomic systems
• Stable time rondeau crystals in dissipative many-body systems
• Quantum simulation of spin-1/2 XYZ model using solid-state spin centers
• Random initial data and average shock time in the Fermi-Pasta-Ulam-Tsingou chain
• Engineering micromotion in Floquet prethermalization via space-time symmetries
• Topological energy pumping in a quasi-periodically driven four-level system
• Fock space prethermalization and time-crystalline order on a quantum processor
• Emergence of prethermal time quasicrystalline order in a quasiperiodically driven non-interacting spin chain