Spontaneous symmetry breaking in non-steady modes of open quantum many-body systems
arXiv:2212.09327 · doi:10.1103/PhysRevA.107.052208
Abstract
In a quantum many-body system coupled to the environment, its steady state can exhibit spontaneous symmetry breaking when a control parameter exceeds a critical value. In this study, we consider spontaneous symmetry breaking in non-steady modes of an open quantum many-body system. Assuming that the time evolution of the density matrix of the system is described by a Markovian master equation, the dynamics of the system is fully characterized by the eigenmodes and spectrum of the corresponding time evolution superoperator. Among the non-steady eigenmodes with finite lifetimes, we focus on the eigenmodes with the highest frequency, which we call the most coherent mode. For a dissipative spin model, it is shown that the most coherent mode exhibits a transition from a disordered phase to a symmetry-broken ordered phase, even if the steady state does not show singular behavior. We further argue that the phase transition of the most coherent mode induces a qualitative change in the decoherence dynamics of highly entangled states, i.e., the Schrödinger's cat states.
10 pages, 7 figures
References in corpus (22)
- Many-Body Physics with Ultracold Gases
- The physics of exceptional points
- Many-Body Physics with Individually-Controlled Rydberg Atoms
- An Open-System Quantum Simulator with Trapped Ions
- 14-qubit entanglement: creation and coherence
- Strongly Interacting Polaritons in Coupled Arrays of Cavities
- Cold atoms in cavity-generated dynamical optical potentials
- Observation of mesoscopic crystalline structures in a two-dimensional Rydberg gas
- Strong dissipation inhibits losses and induces correlations in cold molecular gases
- Dissipative Phase Transition in Central Spin Systems
- Observation of a dissipative phase transition in a one-dimensional circuit QED lattice
- Keldysh approach for non-equilibrium phase transitions in quantum optics: beyond the Dicke model in optical cavities
- An experimental and theoretical guide to strongly interacting Rydberg gases
- Variational principle for steady states of dissipative quantum many-body systems
- Quantum limited amplification and entanglement in coupled nonlinear resonators
- Universal non-equilibrium properties of dissipative Rydberg gases
- Signatures of a dissipative phase transition in photon correlation measurements
- Observation of the photon-blockade breakdown phase transition
- Dissipative Dynamics and Phase Transitions in Fermionic Systems
- Transverse-Field Ising Dynamics in a Rydberg-Dressed Atomic Gas
- PT-symmetric quantum Liouvillian dynamics
- Heating dynamics of bosonic atoms in a noisy optical lattice