Multi-messenger model for the prompt emission from GRB 221009A

Abstract

We present a multi-messenger model for the prompt emission from GRB 221009A within the internal shock scenario. We consider the time-dependent evolution of the outflow with its impact on the observed light curve from multiple collisions, and the self-consistent generation of the electromagnetic spectrum in synchrotron and inverse Compton-dominated scenarios. Our leptohadronic model includes UHE protons potentially accelerated in the outflow, and their feedback on spectral energy distribution and on the neutrino emission. We find that we can roughly reproduce the observed light curves with an engine with varying ejection velocity of ultra-relativistic material, which has an intermediate quiescent period of about 200 seconds and a variability timescale of $\sim 1$~s. We consider baryonic loadings of 3 and 30 that are compatible with the hypothesis that the highest-energetic LHAASO photons might come from UHECR interactions with the extragalactic background light, and the paradigm that energetic GRBs may power the UHECR flux. For these values and the high dissipation radii considered we find consistency with the non-observation of neutrinos and no significant signatures on the electromagnetic spectrum. Inverse Compton-dominated scenarios from the prompt emission are demonstrated to lead to about an order of magnitude higher fluxes in the HE-range; this enhancement is testable by its spectral impact in the Fermi-GBM and LAT ranges.

References in corpus (9)

• GW170817: Observation of Gravitational Waves from a Binary Neutron Star Inspiral
• The Physics of Gamma-Ray Bursts and Relativistic Jets
• Bulk Lorentz factors of Gamma-Ray Bursts
• A new view on Auger data and cosmogenic neutrinos in light of different nuclear disintegration and air-shower models
• Towards open and reproducible multi-instrument analysis in gamma-ray astronomy
• Searches for Neutrinos from Gamma-Ray Bursts using the IceCube Neutrino Observatory
• Neutrinos from the Brightest Gamma-Ray Burst?
• Constraints on the Model of Gamma-ray Bursts and Implications from GRB 221009A: GeV gamma rays v.s. High-energy Neutrinos
• Secondary GeV-TeV emission from ultra-high-energy cosmic rays accelerated by GRB 221009A

Cited by in corpus (16)

• Very high energy gamma-ray emission beyond 10 TeV from GRB 221009A
• Limits on Neutrino Emission from GRB 221009A from MeV to PeV using the IceCube Neutrino Observatory
• Synchrotron Radiation Dominates the Extremely Bright GRB 221009A
• The Possibility of Modeling the Very High Energy Afterglow of GRB 221009A in a Wind Environment
• AM${}^3$: An Open-Source Tool for Time-Dependent Lepto-Hadronic Modeling of Astrophysical Sources
• Multi-collision internal shock lepto-hadronic models for energetic GRBs
• The origin of very-high-energy gamma-rays from GRB 221009A: implications for reverse shock proton synchrotron emission
• Dust-scattering rings of GRB 221009A as seen by the Neil Gehrels Swift satellite: can we count them all?
• Electromagnetic Cascade Emission from Neutrino-Coincident Tidal Disruption Events
• Swift/UVOT: 18 Years of Long GRB Discoveries and Advances
• GRB 221009A: Spectral signatures based on ALPs candidates
• Probing gamma-ray bursts observed at very high energies through their afterglow
• Two-detector flavor sensitivity to ultra-high-energy cosmic neutrinos
• Multi-messenger connection in high-energy neutrino astronomy
• Effects of Annihilation with Low-Energy Neutrinos on High-Energy Neutrinos from Binary Neutron Star Mergers and Rare Core-Collapse Supernovae
• The possibility of multi-TeV secondary gamma rays from GRB221009A