Simultaneous transmission of hyper-entanglement in 3 degrees of freedom through a multicore fiber

Abstract

Entanglement distribution is at the heart of most quantum communication protocols. Inevitable loss of photons along quantum channels is a major obstacle for distributing entangled photons over long distances, as the no-cloning theorem forbids the information to simply be amplified along the way as is done in classical communication. It is therefore desirable for every successfully transmitted photon pair to carry as much entanglement as possible. Spontaneous parametric down-conversion (SPDC) creates photons entangled in multiple high-dimensional degrees of freedom simultaneously, often referred to as hyper-entanglement. In this work, we use a multicore fibre (MCF) to show that energy-time and polarization degrees of freedom can simultaneously be transmitted in multiple fibre cores, even maintaining path entanglement across the cores. We verify a fidelity to the ideal Bell state of at least 95$\%$ in all degrees of freedom. Furthermore, because the entangled photons are created with a center wavelength of 1560 nm, our approach can readily be integrated into modern telecommunication infrastructure, thus paving the way for high-rate quantum key distribution and many other entanglement-based quantum communication protocols.

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Cited by in corpus (10)

• Quantum interferometers: principles and applications
• Correlating space, wavelength, and polarization of light: Spatio-Spectral Vector Beams
• Distribution of genuine high-dimensional entanglement over 10.2 km of noisy metropolitan atmosphere
• On the role of entanglement in qudit-based circuit compression
• Implementation of space-division multiplexed entanglement-based quantum cryptography over multicore fiber
• Photonic variational quantum eigensolver for NISQ-compatible quantum technology
• Entanglement between dependent degrees of freedom: Quasiparticle correlations
• Hybrid classical-quantum communication networks
• Advances in Position-Momentum Entanglement: A Versatile Tool for Quantum Technologies
• Complete analysis of hyperentangled Bell state in three degrees of freedom using Kerr effect and self-assisted mechanism