High Mass Flow Rate in a BAL Outflow of Quasar SDSS J1130+0411

Abstract

We present the analysis of the absorption troughs of six outflows observed in quasar SDSS J1130+0411 ($z\approx 3.98$) with radial velocities ranging from $-2400$ to $-15,400$ km s${}^{-1}$. These spectra were taken with the Very Large Telescope/Ultraviolet and Visual Echelle Spectrograph over the rest frame wavelength range of $1135-1890$ Å. In the main outflow system ($v\approx -3200$ km s${}^{-1}$), we identify Fe II and several Fe II* absorption troughs as well as Si II and Si II* troughs, which we use to determine the electron number density $\log n_e=2.6_{-0.7}^{+0.8}$ cm${}^{-3}$. Using the column densities of these and other ions, we determine a photoionization solution with hydrogen column density $\log N_H=21.44_{-0.33}^{+0.24}$ cm${}^{-2}$ and ionization parameter $\log U_H=-1.75_{-0.45}^{+0.28}$. From these values we derive the distance $R=16_{-11}^{+23}$ kpc, the average mass flow rate $\dot{M}=4100_{-2400}^{+6600}$ $M_{\odot }$ yr${}^{-1}$, and the kinetic luminosity $\log {\dot{E}}_k=46.13_{-0.37}^{+0.41}$ erg s${}^{-1}$. This ${\dot{E}}_k$ is $1.4_{-0.8}^{+2.2}$% of the quasar's Eddington luminosity, and therefore contributes significantly to AGN feedback.

8 pages, 5 figures, 3 tables, published in MNRAS

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