HST/COS Observations of Quasar Outflows in the 500 -- 1050 Å Rest Frame: II The Most Energetic Quasar Outflow Measured to Date

Abstract

We present a study of the BAL outflows seen in quasar SDSS J1042+1646 (z = 0.978) in the rest-frame 500 -- 1050 $\mathring{A}$ (EUV500) region. The results are based on the analysis of recent Hubble Space Telescope/Cosmic Origins Spectrograph observations. Five outflow systems are identified, where in total they include $\sim$70 outflow troughs from ionic transitions. These include the first non-solar detections from transitions of O V*, Ne V*, Ar VI, Ca VI, Ca VII, and Ca VIII. The appearance of very high-ionization species (e.g., Ne VIII, Na IX, and Mg X) in all outflows necessitates at least two-ionization phases for the observed outflows. We develop an interactive Synthetic Spectral Simulation method to fit the multitude of observed troughs. Detections of density sensitive troughs (e.g., S IV* $\lambda$ 657.32 $\mathring{A}$ and the O V* multiplet) allow us to determine the distance of the outflows ($R$) as well as their energetics. Two of the outflows are at $R$ $\simeq$ 800 pc and one is at $R$ $\simeq$ 15 pc. One of the outflows has the highest kinetic luminosity on record ($\dot{E_k}$ $=5\times 10^{46}$ erg s${}^{-1}$), which is 20% of its Eddington luminosity. Such a large ratio suggests that this outflow can provide the energy needed for active galactic nucleus feedback mechanisms.

18 pages, 12 figures, published in ApJS

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Cited by in corpus (15)

• HST/COS Observations of Quasar Outflows in the 500-1050 Å Rest Frame: I. The Most Energetic Outflows in the Universe and Other Discoveries
• HST/COS Observations of Quasar Outflows in the 500 -- 1050 Å Rest Frame: IV. The Largest Broad Absorption Line Acceleration
• The Farthest Quasar Mini-BAL Outflow from its Central Source: VLT/UVES Observation of SDSSJ0242+0049
• The Contribution of Quasar Absorption Outflows to AGN Feedback
• Supermassive Black Hole Winds in X-rays -- SUBWAYS. III. A population study on ultra-fast outflows
• HST/COS Observations of Quasar Outflows in the 500-1050 Å Rest Frame: V. Richness of Physical Diagnostics and Ionization Potential-dependent Velocity Shift in PKS J0352-0711
• HST/COS Observations of Quasar Outflows in the 500-1050 Å Rest Frame: III. Four Similar Outflows in 2MASS J1051+1247 with Enough Energy to be Major Contributors to AGN Feedback
• HST/COS Observations of Quasar Outflows in the 500 -- 1050 Å Rest Frame: VI Wide, Energetic Outflows in SDSS J0755+2306
• VLT/UVES Observation of the SDSS J2357-0048 Outflow
• High Mass Flow Rate in a BAL Outflow of Quasar SDSS J1130+0411
• Supermassive Black Hole Winds in X-rays: SUBWAYS. II. HST UV spectroscopy of winds at intermediate redshifts
• Multi-epoch spectroscopy of Mg II broad absorption line transitions
• HST/COS Observations of Quasar Outflows in the 500-1050 Angstrom Rest Frame: VII. Distances and Energetics for 11 Outflows in Five Quasars
• BAL Outflow in Quasar B0254-3327B: Analysis and Comparison with Other Extreme UV Outflows
• A New Member of the Fast and Furious Family: A Relativistic and Time-Variable UV Outflow in a Luminous Quasar