Recent advances in charm mixing and $CP$ violation at LHCb

Abstract

After playing a pivotal role in the birth of the Standard Model in the 70's, the study of charm physics has undergone a revival during the last decade, triggered by a wealth of precision measurements from the charm and $B$ factories, and from the CDF and especially the LHCb experiments. In this article, we sum up how the unique phenomenology of charmed hadrons can be used to test the Standard Model and we review the latest measurements performed in this field by the LHCb experiment. These include the historic first observations of $CP$ violation and of a nonzero mass difference between the charmed neutral-meson mass eigenstates, the most precise determination of their decay-width difference to date, and a search for time-dependent $CP$ violation reaching the unprecedented precision of $10^{-4}$. These results challenge our comprehension of nonperturbative strong interactions, and their interpretation calls for further studies on both the theoretical and experimental sides. The upcoming upgrades of the LHCb experiment will play a leading role in this quest.

arXiv comment39 pages, 13 figures. V2: fixed error in eq. 2.2; updated and improved list of references; added table of contents

References in corpus (109)

• LHCb Detector Performance
• The origin of the matter-antimatter asymmetry
• The LHCb Trigger and its Performance in 2011
• The Belle II Physics Book
• Future Physics Programme of BESIII
• Decay Chain Fitting with a Kalman Filter
• Averages of $b$-hadron, $c$-hadron, and $\tau$-lepton properties as of 2018
• Determining $\gamma$ using $B^{\pm }\to D{K}^{\pm }$ with multibody D decays
• The Strong CP Problem and Axions
• Multiple-channel generalization of Lellouch-Luscher formula
• Observation of $CP$ violation in charm decays
• New Physics and CP Violation in Singly Cabibbo Suppressed D Decays
• Improved Methods for Observing CP Violation in B+/- --> K+/- D0 and Measuring the CKM Phase gamma
• Implications of D^0-\bar D^0 Mixing for New Physics
• Branching ratios and direct CP asymmetries in $D\to PP$ decays
• SU(3) Breaking and D0-D0bar Mixing
• Nonleptonic weak decays of charmed mesons
• The $D^0-{\bar{D}}^0$ mass difference from a dispersion relation
• Size of direct CP violation in singly Cabibbo-suppressed D decays
• Direct CP violation in two-body hadronic charmed meson decays
• Model-independent determination of the strong-phase difference between D^0 and D^0-bar-> K^0_S,L h^+ h^- (h=pi,K) and its impact on the measurement of the CKM angle gamma/phi_3
• CP Violation and Flavor SU(3) Breaking in D-meson Decays
• A consistent picture for large penguins in D -> pi+ pi-, K+ K-
• CP asymmetries in singly-Cabibbo-suppressed $D$ decays to two pseudoscalar mesons
• Tesla : an application for real-time data analysis in High Energy Physics
• SU(3) symmetry breaking and CP violation in D -> PP decays
• SU(3) Sum Rules for Charm Decay
• SU(3)-Flavor Anatomy of Non-Leptonic Charm Decays
• Revisiting CP violation in $D\to PP$ and $VP$ decays
• Testing New Indirect CP Violation
• Topological amplitudes in $D$ decays to two pseudoscalars: a global analysis with linear $SU(3{)}_F$ breaking
• Interference Between Cabibbo Allowed and Doubly Forbidden Transitions in $D\ra K_{S,L} + π'$s Decays
• On a CP Anisotropy Measurement in the Dalitz Plot
• The Emergence of the $\Delta U=0$ Rule in Charm Physics
• How large can the SM contribution to CP violation in $D^0-{\bar{D}}^0$ mixing be?
• Measurement of B meson production cross-sections in proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s)= 7 TeV
• Direct CP asymmetry in $D\to {\pi }^{-}{\pi }^{+}$ and $D\to K^{-}{K}^{+}$ in QCD-based approach
• Triple product asymmetries in K, D_(s) and B_(s) decays
• On Indirect CP Violation and Implications for D0-\overline{D0} and Bs -\overline{Bs} mixing
• Testing for new physics in singly Cabibbo suppressed D decays
• Measurement of the mass difference between neutral charm-meson eigenstates
• Electromagnetic dipole moments of charged baryons with bent crystals at the LHC
• On $SU(3{)}_F$ Breaking through Final State Interactions and CP Asymmetries in $D\to PP$ Decays
• Measurements of D Meson Decays to Two Pseudoscalar Mesons
• $\Delta A_{CP}$ within the Standard Model and beyond
• Charmed meson decays to two pseudoscalars
• Measurement of the difference of time-integrated CP asymmetries in $D^0\to K^{-}{K}^{+}$ and $D^0\to {\pi }^{-}{\pi }^{+}$ decays
• Model-independent determination of the relative strong-phase difference between $D^0$ and ${\bar{D}}^0\to K_{S,L}^0{\pi }^{+}{\pi }^{-}$ and its impact on the measurement of the CKM angle $\gamma /{\varphi }_3$
• Probing CP violation systematically in differential distributions
• CP Violation in $D^0\to K_S{K}_S$
• Observation of the mass difference between neutral charm-meson eigenstates
• Sum Rules of Charm CP Asymmetries beyond the SU(3)${}_F$ Limit
• Measurement of D0-D0bar Mixing and CP Violation in Two-Body D0 Decays
• Simultaneous determination of CKM angle $\gamma$ and charm mixing parameters
• Search for CP violation in the decay $D^{+}\to {\pi }^{-}{\pi }^{+}{\pi }^{+}$
• Implications of the LHCb discovery of CP violation in charm decays
• On the search for the electric dipole moment of strange and charm baryons at LHC
• Conclusions from CDF Results on CP Violation in D^0 \to π^+π^-, K^+K^- and Future Tasks
• Flavor SU(3) Topological Diagram and Irreducible Representation Amplitudes for Heavy Meson Charmless Hadronic Decays: Mismatch and Equivalence
• Measurement of $CP$ asymmetry in $D^0\to K^{-}{K}^{+}$ decays
• Exploiting CP-asymmetries in rare charm decays
• Observing CP Violation in Many-Body Decays
• $D$ meson mixing as an inverse problem
• $D^0$-${\overline{D}}^0$ mixing parameter $y$ in the factorization-assisted topological-amplitude approach
• Search for $CP$ Violation and Measurement of the Branching Fraction in the Decay $D^0\to K_S^0{K}_S^0$
• Long-Distance Contributions to D^0-D^0bar Mixing Parameters
• Search for CP violation in $D^0\to {\pi }^{-}{\pi }^{+}{\pi }^0$ decays with the energy test
• Mixing and $CP$ violation in the charm system
• Studies of the resonance structure in $D^0\to K^{\mp }{\pi }^{\pm }{\pi }^{\pm }{\pi }^{\mp }$ decays
• Feasibility of measuring the magnetic dipole moments of the charm baryons at the LHC using bent crystals
• Revisiting Inclusive Decay Widths of Charmed Mesons
• Effect of D-Dbar mixing in the extraction of gamma with B- -> D0 K- and B- -> D0 pi- decays
• Dispersive and Absorptive CP Violation in $D^0-\overline{D^0}$ Mixing
• Theoretical and experimental status of rare charm decays
• Novel method for measuring charm-mixing parameters using multibody decays
• Search for CP violation in $D^{+}\to K^{-}{K}^{+}{\pi }^{+}$ decays
• Studies of the resonance structure in $D^0\to K_S^0{K}^{\pm }{\pi }^{\mp }$ decays
• Updated determination of $D^0$-$\overline{D}{}^0$ mixing and CP violation parameters with $D^0\to K^{+}{\pi }^{-}$ decays
• Second Generation of 'Miranda Procedure' for CP Violation in Dalitz Studies of B (\& D \& τ) Decays
• Measurement of the $CP$ violation parameter $A_{\Gamma }$ in $D^0\to K^{+}{K}^{-}$ and $D^0\to {\pi }^{+}{\pi }^{-}$ decays
• New Physics Effects in Doubly Cabibbo Suppressed D Decays
• Search for CP Violation in $D^0\to K_S^0{\pi }^0$, $D^0\to {\pi }^0{\pi }^0$ and $D^0\to K_S^0{K}_S^0$
• Progress towards the first measurement of charm baryon dipole moments
• Model-independent search for CP violation in D0 to K-K+pi-pi+ and D0 to pi-pi+pi+pi- decays
• $CP$ asymmetries in charm decays into neutral kaons
• Neutral $D\to K{K}^{\ast }$ decays as discovery channels for charm CP violation
• Search for time-dependent $CP$ violation in $D^0\to K^{+}{K}^{-}$ and $D^0\to {\pi }^{+}{\pi }^{-}$ decays
• Search for $CP$ violation in ${\Xi }_c^{+}\to p{K}^{-}{\pi }^{+}$ decays using model-independent techniques
• Measurement of $CP$ observables in $B^{\pm }\to D^{(\ast )}{K}^{\pm }$ and $B^{\pm }\to D^{(\ast )}{\pi }^{\pm }$ decays using two-body $D$ final states
• Measurement of D0-D0bar mixing and search for CP violation in D0 -> K+K-, pi+pi- decays with the full Belle data set
• Measurement of indirect CP-violating asymmetries in $D^0\to K^{+}{K}^{-}$ and $D^0\to {\pi }^{+}{\pi }^{-}$ decays at CDF
• Layouts for fixed-target experiments and dipole moment measurements of short-living baryons using bent crystals at the LHC
• Measurement of $y_{CP}$ in $D^0$ meson decays to the $K_S^0{K}^{+}{K}^{-}$ final state
• Measurement of the charm-mixing parameter $y_{CP}$
• Updated measurement of decay-time-dependent CP asymmetries in $D^0\to K^{+}{K}^{-}$ and $D^0\to {\pi }^{+}{\pi }^{-}$ decays
• Revisiting D0-D0bar mixing using U-spin
• Improved sensitivity to the CKM phase $\gamma$ through binning phase space in $B^{-}\to D{K}^{-}$, $D\to K^{+}{\pi }^{-}{\pi }^{-}{\pi }^{+}$ decays
• Model independent determination of the CKM phase $\gamma$ using input from $D^0-{\bar{D}}^0$ mixing
• Search for $CP$ violation in the $D^{+}\to {\pi }^{+}{\pi }^0$ decay at Belle
• Search for $CP$ violation in the phase space of $D^0\to {\pi }^{+}{\pi }^{-}{\pi }^{+}{\pi }^{-}$ decays
• Search for $CP$ violation in $D_s^{+}\to K_S^0{\pi }^{+}$, $D^{+}\to K_S^0{K}^{+}$ and $D^{+}\to \varphi {\pi }^{+}$ decays
• Angular analysis of $D^0\to {\pi }^{+}{\pi }^{-}{\mu }^{+}{\mu }^{-}$ and $D^0\to K^{+}{K}^{-}{\mu }^{+}{\mu }^{-}$ decays and search for $CP$ violation
• Observation of $D^{+}\to K^{+}{\eta }^{(\prime )}$ and Search for CP Violation in $D^{+}\to {\pi }^{+}{\eta }^{(\prime )}$ Decays
• "Could Charm (\& $\tau$) Transitions be the `Poor Princesses' of Deeper Understanding of Fundamental Dynamics?" -- or -- "Finding Novel Forces?"
• Search for $CP$ violation in $D_{(s)}^{+}\to h^{+}{\pi }^0$ and $D_{(s)}^{+}\to h^{+}\eta$ decays
• Measurement of branching fractions and $CP$ asymmetries for $D_s^{+}\to K^{+}(\eta ,{\pi }^0)$ and $D_s^{+}\to {\pi }^{+}(\eta ,{\pi }^0)$ decays at Belle
• Flavor $SU(3)$ in Cabibbo-favored $D$-meson decays
• Measurement of the charm-mixing parameter $y_{CP}$ in $D^0\to K_S^0\omega$ decays at Belle
• Measurement of the time-integrated $CP$ asymmetry in $D^0\to K_S^0{K}_S^0$ decays

Cited by in corpus (2)

• Measurement of $D^0-{\overline{D}}^0$ mixing and search for $CP$ violation with $D^0\to K^{+}{\pi }^{-}$ decays
• Measurement of $CP$ asymmetry in $D^0\to K_{\mathrm{S}}^0{K}_{\mathrm{S}}^0$ decays with Run 3 data