Two-Component 3D Atomic Bose-Einstein Condensates Support Complex Stable Patterns

Abstract

We report the computational discovery of complex, topologically charged, and spectrally stable states in three-dimensional multi-component nonlinear wave systems of nonlinear Schr{ö}dinger type. While our computations relate to two-component atomic Bose-Einstein condensates in parabolic traps, our methods can be broadly applied to high-dimensional, nonlinear systems of partial differential equations. The combination of the so-called deflation technique with a careful selection of initial guesses enables the computation of an unprecedented breadth of patterns, including ones combining vortex lines, rings, stars, and ``vortex labyrinths''. Despite their complexity, they may be dynamically robust and amenable to experimental observation, as confirmed by Bogolyubov-de Gennes spectral analysis and numerical evolution simulations.

8 pages, 5 figures

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Cited by in corpus (1)

• Two-component droplet phases and their spectral stability in one dimension