An induced annual modulation signature in COSINE-100 data by DAMA/LIBRA's analysis method

Abstract

The DAMA/LIBRA collaboration has reported the observation of an annual modulation in the event rate that has been attributed to dark matter interactions over the last two decades. However, even though tremendous efforts to detect similar dark matter interactions were pursued, no definitive evidence has been observed to corroborate the DAMA/LIBRA signal. Many studies assuming various dark matter models have attempted to reconcile DAMA/LIBRA's modulation signals and null results from other experiments, however no clear conclusion can be drawn. Apart from the dark matter hypothesis, several studies have examined the possibility that the modulation is induced by variations in their detector's environment or their specific analysis methods. In particular, a recent study presents a possible cause of the annual modulation from an analysis method adopted by the DAMA/LIBRA experiment in which the observed annual modulation could be reproduced by a slowly varying time-dependent background. Here, we study the COSINE-100 data using an analysis method similar to the one adopted by the DAMA/LIBRA experiment and observe a significant annual modulation, although the modulation phase is almost opposite to that of the DAMA/LIBRA data. Assuming the same background composition for COSINE-100 and DAMA/LIBRA, simulated experiments for the DAMA/LIBRA without dark matter signals also provide significant annual modulation with an amplitude similar to DAMA/LIBRA with opposite phase. Even though this observation does not explain the DAMA/LIBRA's results directly, this interesting phenomenon motivates deeper studies of the time-dependent DAMA/LIBRA background data.

References in corpus (6)

• First results from DAMA/LIBRA and the combined results with DAMA/NaI
• The DAMA/LIBRA apparatus
• First results on dark matter annual modulation from ANAIS-112 experiment
• An experiment to search for dark matter interactions using sodium iodide detectors
• Strong constraints from COSINE-100 on the DAMA dark matter results using the same sodium iodide target
• Three-year annual modulation search with COSINE-100

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• Characterisation of Hamamatsu R11065-20 PMTs for use in the SABRE South NaI(Tl) Crystal Detectors
• Background stability and annual modulation test using PICOLON ultra-pure NaI(Tl) detector
• Proceedings to the 27th Workshop "What Comes Beyond the Standard Models" Bled, July 8-17, 2024
• Quark mass matrices inspired by a numerical relation
• Do we understand the internal spaces of second quantized fermion and boson fields, with gravity included? Relation with strings theories