Mechanical structure of a spin-1 particle

Abstract

We investigate the mechanical structure of a spin-1 particle. Introducing three different frameworks, i.e., the three-dimensional (3D) Breit frame, the two-dimensional (2D) Breit frame, and the 2D infinite momentum frame (equivalently the two-dimensional Drell-Yan frame), we scrutinize the 2D and 3D energy-momentum tensor (EMT) distributions in these frames. We first derive the EMT distributions in the 2D Breit frame by performing the Abel transformation. The mass distribution in the 2D Breit frame contains an additional monopole contribution induced geometrically. The pressure distribution in the 2D Breit frame also gets an induced monopole structure. When the Lorentz boost is carried out, the mass distribution in the 2D infinite-momentum frame acquires the induced dipole term. Similarly, we also have the induced dipole contributions to the pressure and shear-force densities. We visualize the 2D mass distributions when the spin-1 particle is polarized along the $x$- and $z$-axes. We observe that the 2D mass distribution in the infinite momentum frame exhibit clearly the induced dipole structure when the spin-1 particle is polarized along the $x$-axis. We also discuss the strong force fields inside a polarized spin-1 particle.

28 pages and 9 figures

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Cited by in corpus (11)

• Dominance of gluonic scale anomaly in confining pressure inside nucleon and D-term
• Local spatial densities for composite spin-3/2 systems
• Gravitational form factors of the nucleon in the Skyrme model based on scale-invariant chiral perturbation theory
• A Journey of Seeking Pressure and Forces in the Nucleon
• Two-dimensional charge distributions of the $\Delta$ baryon: Interpolation between the nonrelativistic and ultrarelativistic limit
• Relativistic energy-momentum tensor distributions in a polarized nucleon
• Spin-orbit correlation and spatial distributions for spin-0 hadrons
• Scale-anomaly-induced binding pressure in hadrons
• Mapping the transverse spin sum rule in position space
• Medium effects on the electromagnetic form factors of the $\rho$ meson
• Transverse energy-momentum tensor distributions in polarized nucleons