Searching for Scalar Field Dark Matter using Cavity Resonators and Capacitors

Abstract

We establish new experiments to search for dark matter based on a model of a light scalar field with a dilaton-like coupling to the electromagnetic field, which is strongly motivated by superstring theory. We estimate the power of the photon signal in the process of a non-resonant scalar-photon transition and in a cavity resonator permeated by electric and magnetic fields. We show that existing cavity resonators employed in the experiments like ADMX have a low but non-vanishing sensitivity to the scalar-photon coupling. As a result, by re-purposing the results of the ADMX experiment, we find new limits on the scalar-photon coupling in the range of the scalar field masses from 2.7 to 4.2 $\mu$eV. We discuss possible modifications of this experiment, which enhance the sensitivity to the scalar field dark matter. We also propose a broadband experiment for scalar field dark matter searches based on a high-voltage capacitor. The estimated sensitivity of this experiment exceeds by nearly two orders in magnitude the sensitivity of the experiment based on molecular spectroscopy.

10 pages, 5 figures; V2: minor changes, references added

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• Generic axion Maxwell equations: path integral approach
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• Searching for GUT-scale QCD Axions and Monopoles with a High Voltage Capacitor
• Scalar dark matter induced oscillation of permanent-magnet field
• Axion Bounds from Quantum Technology
• Migdal-type effect in the dark matter absorption process
• Searching for scalar field dark matter with hyperfine transitions in alkali atoms
• Limits on scalar dark matter interactions with particles other than the photon via loop corrections to the scalar-photon coupling
• Searching for exotic scalars at fusion reactors