Probing coherent quantum thermodynamics using a trapped ion

Abstract

Quantum thermodynamics is aimed at grasping thermodynamic laws as they apply to thermal machines operating in the deep quantum regime, a regime in which coherences and entanglement are expected to matter. Despite substantial progress, however, it has remained difficult to develop thermal machines in which such quantum effects are observed to be of pivotal importance. In this work, we report an experimental measurement of the genuine quantum correction to the classical work fluctuation-dissipation relation (FDR). We employ a single trapped ion qubit, realizing thermalization and coherent drive via laser pulses, to implement a quantum coherent work protocol. The results from a sequence of two-time work measurements display agreement with the recently proven quantum work FDR, violating the classical FDR by more than $10.9$ standard deviations. We furthermore determine that our results are incompatible with any SPAM error-induced correction to the FDR by more than 10 standard deviations. Finally, we show that the quantum correction vanishes in the high-temperature limit, again in agreement with theoretical predictions.

arXiv comment5+4 pages, 3 figures

References in corpus (58)

• Supplementary information for "Quantum supremacy using a programmable superconducting processor"
• A nonequilibrium equality for free energy differences
• Nonequilibrium fluctuations, fluctuation theorems, and counting statistics in quantum systems
• Non-Markovian dynamics in open quantum systems
• Colloquium. Quantum Fluctuation Relations: Foundations and Applications
• Characterizing Quantum Supremacy in Near-Term Devices
• Quantum Non-Markovianity: Characterization, Quantification and Detection
• Thermodynamic uncertainty relation for biomolecular processes
• Equilibration, thermalisation, and the emergence of statistical mechanics in closed quantum systems
• Quantum Thermodynamics
• The role of quantum information in thermodynamics --- a topical review
• Quantum Thermodynamics
• Fundamental limitations for quantum and nano thermodynamics
• A single-atom heat engine
• Fluctuation theorems: Work is not an observable
• The second laws of quantum thermodynamics
• The European Quantum Technologies Roadmap
• Assessing non-Markovian dynamics
• Vibrations, Quanta and Biology
• High-precision test of Landauer's principle in a feedback trap
• Brownian Carnot engine
• Experimental demonstration of quantum effects in the operation of microscopic heat engines
• Experimental characterization of a spin quantum heat engine
• Fluctuation Theorem for Arbitrary Open Quantum Systems
• A quantum-dot heat engine operating close to the thermodynamic efficiency limits
• The extraction of work from quantum coherence
• Quantum absorption refrigerator with trapped ions
• Quantum Coherence and Ergotropy
• A spin heat engine coupled to a harmonic-oscillator flywheel
• Quantum thermodynamic devices: from theoretical proposals to experimental reality
• Perspective: Quantum Thermodynamics
• An endoreversible quantum heat engine driven by atomic collisions
• Non-equilibrium quantum fluctuations of work
• Computational advantage of quantum random sampling
• The role of coherence in the non-equilibrium thermodynamics of quantum systems
• A long-lived Zeeman trapped-ion qubit
• Quantum fluctuation theorems, contextuality and work quasi-probabilities
• Thermodynamic uncertainty relation in slowly driven quantum heat engines
• Distribution of work in isothermal non-equilibrium processes
• Work fluctuations in slow processes: quantum signatures and optimal control
• Quantum fluctuation theorems beyond two-point measurements
• Sideband cooling and coherent dynamics in a microchip multi-segmented ion trap
• Quantum work statistics close to equilibrium
• Experimental analysis of energy transfers between a quantum emitter and light fields
• Thermodynamic work from operational principles
• Experimental verification of fluctuation relations with a quantum computer
• Coherent Manipulation of a Ca Spin Qubit in a Micro Ion Trap
• Quantum field thermal machines
• Measurement-dependent corrections to work distributions arising from quantum coherences
• The role of quantum coherence in energy fluctuations
• Experimental verification of the work fluctuation-dissipation relation for information-to-work conversion
• Projective measurements can probe non-classical work extraction and time-correlations
• Experimentally reducing the quantum measurement back-action in work distributions by a collective measurement
• Joint statistics of work and entropy production along quantum trajectories
• Quantum work statistics and resource theories: bridging the gap through Renyi divergences
• Quantum work statistics with initial coherence
• Quasi-probabilities of work and heat in an open quantum system
• Fluctuating work in coherent quantum systems: proposals and limitations

Cited by in corpus (10)

• Roadmap on Quantum Thermodynamics
• Reliable quantum advantage in quantum battery charging
• Artificially intelligent Maxwell's demon for optimal control of open quantum systems
• Harnessing Nth Root Gates for Energy Storage
• Entanglement signature in quantum work statistics in the slow-driving regime
• Full Quantum Work Statistics for Non-Homogeneous Many-Body Systems
• Quantum thermal machine regimes in the transverse-field Ising model
• Quantum Coherence and Anomalous Work Extraction in Qubit Gate Dynamics
• Numerical modeling for trapped-ion thermometry using dark resonances
• Geometry of restricted information: the case of quantum thermodynamics