Bose-Einstein Condensation of Europium

Abstract

We report the realization of a Bose-Einstein condensate of europium atoms, which is a strongly dipolar species with unique properties, a highly symmetric $[\mathrm{Xe}]4f^{7}6s^2{}^8{\mathrm{S}}_{7/2}$ electronic ground state and a hyperfine structure. By means of evaporative cooling in a crossed optical dipole trap, we produced a condensate of ${}^{151}$Eu containing up to $5\times 10^4$ atoms. The scattering length of ${}^{151}$Eu was estimated to be $a_s=110(4)a_{\mathrm{B}}$ by comparing the velocities of expansion of condensates with different orientations of the atomic magnetic moments. We observed deformation of the condensate in the vicinity of the Feshbach resonance at $1.32\mathrm{G}$ with a width of $10\mathrm{mG}$.

arXiv comment5 pages, 4 figures

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• Ultracold dipolar bosons trapped in atomtronic circuits
• Deep Laser Cooling of Thulium Atoms to Sub-$\mu$K Temperatures in Magneto-Optical Trap
• Vortex pair dynamics in three-dimensional homogeneous dipolar superfluids
• Josephson vortices and persistent current in a double-ring supersolid system
• Dipolar magnetostirring protocol for three-well atomtronic circuits
• Spin--spin interaction and magnetic Feshbach resonances in collisions of high-spin atoms with closed-shell atoms
• Strongly dipolar molecular Bose-Einstein condensates: From few- to many-body physics
• Generation of wave turbulence in dipolar gases driven across their phase transitions
• Unvortex Lattice and Topological Defects in Rigidly Rotating Multicomponent Superfluids
• Vorticity-Crystalline Order Coupling in Supersolids: Excitations and Re-entrant Phases
• Van der Waals coefficients for interactions of dysprosium and erbium atoms with alkali-metal and alkaline-earth-metal atoms
• Excitations and anisotropic sound in planar dipolar supersolids with tilted dipoles
• Tune-out wavelength for the thulium atom near 576 nm
• Dipolar optimal control of entangled current states