Synthesizing a ${\hat{\sigma }}_z$ spin-dependent force for optical, metastable, and ground state trapped-ion qubits

Abstract

A single bichromatic field near-resonant to a qubit transition is typically used for ${\hat{\sigma }}_x$ or ${\hat{\sigma }}_y$ Mølmer-Sørensen type interactions in trapped ion systems. Using this field configuration, it is also possible to synthesize a ${\hat{\sigma }}_z$ spin-dependent force by merely adjusting the beat-note frequency. Here, we expand on previous work and present a comprehensive theoretical and experimental investigation of this scheme with a laser near-resonant to a quadrupole transition in ${}^{88}$Sr${}^{+}$. Further, we characterise its robustness to optical phase and qubit frequency offsets, and demonstrate its versatility by entangling optical, metastable, and ground state qubits.

arXiv commentO. Băzăvan and S. Saner contributed equally to this work

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• Experimental realization of direct entangling gates between dual-type qubits
• Sub-Doppler cooling of a trapped ion in a phase-stable polarization gradient
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• Robust Oscillator-Mediated Phase Gates Driven by Low-Intensity Pulses