The First Detection of a Protostellar CO Outflow in the Small Magellanic Cloud with ALMA

Abstract

Protostellar outflows are one of the most outstanding features of star formation. Observational studies over the last several decades have successfully demonstrated that outflows are ubiquitously associated with low- and high-mass protostars in the solar-metallicity Galactic conditions. However, the environmental dependence of protostellar outflow properties is still poorly understood, particularly in the low-metallicity regime. Here we report the first detection of a molecular outflow in the Small Magellanic Cloud with 0.2 $Z_{\odot }$, using Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array observations at a spatial resolution of 0.1 pc toward the massive protostar Y246. The bipolar outflow is nicely illustrated by high-velocity wings of CO(3-2) emission at $\gtrsim$15 km s${}^{-1}$. The evaluated properties of the outflow (momentum, mechanical force, etc.) are consistent with those of the Galactic counterparts. Our results suggest that the molecular outflows, i.e., the guidepost of the disk accretion at the small scale, might be universally associated with protostars across the metallicity range of $\sim$0.2-1 $Z_{\odot }$.

arXiv comment7 pages, 2 figures, Accepted for publication in ApJL

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• The Detection of Hot Molecular Cores in the Small Magellanic Cloud
• An ALMA Glimpse of Dense Molecular Filaments Associated with High-mass Protostellar Systems in the Large Magellanic Cloud
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• MAGellanic Outflow and chemistry Survey (MAGOS): Hot cores in the LMC