Zero-Added-Loss Entangled Photon Multiplexing for Ground- and Space-Based Quantum Networks

Abstract

We propose a scheme for optical entanglement distribution in quantum networks based on a quasi-deterministic entangled photon pair source. By combining heralded photonic Bell pair generation with spectral mode conversion to interface with quantum memories, the scheme eliminates switching losses due to multiplexing. We analyze this `zero-added-loss multiplexing' (ZALM) Bell pair source for the particularly challenging problem of long-baseline entanglement distribution via satellites and ground-based memories, where it unlocks additional advantages: (i) the substantially higher channel efficiency $\eta$ of \textit{downlinks} vs.\ \textit{uplinks} with realistic adaptive optics, and (ii) photon loss occurring \textit{before} interaction with the quantum memory -- i.e., Alice and Bob receiving rather than transmitting -- improve entanglement generation rate scaling by $\mathcal{O}(\sqrt{\eta })$. Based on numerical analyses, we estimate our protocol to achieve $>$10 ebits/s at memory multiplexing of $10^2$ spin qubits for ground distance $>$10${}^2$km, with the spin-spin Bell state fidelity exceeding 99$\%$. Our architecture presents a blueprint for realizing global-scale quantum networks in the near-term.

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Cited by in corpus (11)

• Tutorial: Remote entanglement protocols for stationary qubits with photonic interfaces
• Wavelength-accurate and wafer-scale process for nonlinear frequency mixers in thin-film lithium niobate
• Comparing One- and Two-way Quantum Repeater Architectures
• Entanglement distribution through separable states via a zero-added-loss photon multiplexing inspired protocol
• Scalable low-latency entanglement distribution for distributed quantum computing
• Distributing quantum correlations through local operations and classical resources
• A global quantum network with ground-based single-atom memories in optical cavities and satellite links
• Strategies for entanglement distribution in optical fiber networks
• Global-scale quantum networking using hybrid-channel quantum repeaters with relays based on a chain of balloons
• High-efficiency vertical emission spin-photon interface for scalable quantum memories
• Zero-added-loss entanglement multiplexing using time-bin spectral shearing