Formation of episodic jets and associated flares from black hole accretion systems

Abstract

Episodic ejections of blobs (episodic jets) are widely observed in black hole sources and usually associated with flares. In this paper, by performing and analyzing three dimensional general relativity magnetohydrodynamical numerical simulations of accretion flows, we investigate their physical mechanisms. We find that magnetic reconnection occurs in the accretion flow, likely due to the turbulent motion and differential rotation of the accretion flow, resulting in flares and formation of flux ropes. Flux ropes formed inside of 10-15 gravitational radii are found to mainly stay within the accretion flow, while flux ropes formed beyond this radius are ejected outward by magnetic forces and form the episodic jets. These results confirm the basic scenario proposed in Yuan et al.(2009). Moreover, our simulations find that the predicted velocity of the ejected blobs is in good consistency with observations of Sgr A*, M81, and M87. The whole processes are found to occur quasi-periodically, with the period being the orbital time at the radius where the flux rope is formed. The predicted period of flares and ejections is consistent with those found from the light curves or image of Sgr A*, M87, and PKS 1510-089. The possible applications to protostellar accretion systems are discussed.

arXiv comment16 pages, 13 figures; accepted for publication in ApJ

References in corpus (53)

• Hot Accretion Flows Around Black Holes
• Efficient Generation of Jets from Magnetically Arrested Accretion on a Rapidly Spinning Black Hole
• The Galactic Center Massive Black Hole and Nuclear Star Cluster
• Nuclear Activity in Nearby Galaxies
• General Relativistic Magnetohydrodynamic Simulations of Magnetically Choked Accretion Flows around Black Holes
• Magnetically Arrested Disk: An Energetically Efficient Accretion Flow
• Near-infrared flares from accreting gas around the supermassive black hole at the Galactic Centre
• First M87 Event Horizon Telescope Results. VIII. Magnetic Field Structure near The Event Horizon
• Rapid X-ray flaring from the direction of the supermassive black hole at the Galactic Centre
• The Athena++ Adaptive Mesh Refinement Framework: Design and Magnetohydrodynamic Solvers
• Three-dimensional MHD Simulations of Radiatively Inefficient Accretion Flows
• The Black-Hole Mass in M87 from Gemini/NIFS Adaptive Optics Observations
• Detection of orbital motions near the last stable circular orbit of the massive black hole SgrA*
• GRS 1915+105 and the Disc-Jet Coupling in Accreting Black Hole Systems
• Black hole flares: ejection of accreted magnetic flux through 3D plasmoid-mediated reconnection
• Magnetic Reconnection and Hot Spot Formation in Black Hole Accretion Disks
• Imaging Optically-Thin Hot Spots Near the Black Hole Horizon of Sgr A* at Radio and Near-Infrared Wavelengths
• The Nature of the 10 Kilosecond X-ray Flare in Sgr A*
• Assessing Quantitative Results in Accretion Simulations: From Local to Global
• Stellar Activity on the Young Suns of Orion: COUP Observations of K5-7 Pre-Main Sequence Stars
• An X-ray, IR, and Submillimeter Flare of Sagittarius A*
• An Extension of the Athena++ Code Framework for GRMHD Based on Advanced Riemann Solvers and Staggered-Mesh Constrained Transport
• Evidence for X-ray synchrotron emission from simultaneous mid-IR to X-ray observations of a strong Sgr A* flare
• Polarimetry of near-infrared flares from Sagittarius A*
• On The Nature of the Variable Infrared Emission from Sgr A*
• Flaring Activity of Sgr A* at 43 and 22 GHz: Evidence for Expanding Hot Plasma
• A Magnetohydrodynamic Model for the Formation of Episodic Jets
• A polarised infrared flare from Sagittarius A* and the signatures of orbiting plasma hotspots
• Sgr A* near-infrared flares from reconnection events in a magnetically arrested disc
• Plasmoid formation in global GRMHD simulations and AGN flares
• Broadband Multi-wavelength Properties of M87 during the 2017 Event Horizon Telescope Campaign
• Periodicities in Solar Coronal Mass Ejections
• Time Dependent Models of Flares from Sagittarius A*
• Molecular jets from low-mass young protostellar objects
• On the twists of interplanetary magnetic flux ropes observed at 1 AU
• Some interesting topics provoked by the solar filament research in the past decade
• Sgr A* X-ray flares from non-thermal particle acceleration in a magnetically arrested disc
• Magnetic reconnection and plasmoid formation in three-dimensional accretion flows around black holes
• A strong radio brightening at the jet base of M87 during the elevated very-high-energy gamma-ray state in 2012
• A new equilibrium torus solution and GRMHD initial conditions
• The Birth of A Coronal Mass Ejection
• Episodic Jets as the Central Engine of Gamma-Ray Bursts
• Transient Quasi-Periodic Oscillations at $\gamma$-rays in the TeV Blazar PKS 1510-089
• The Accretion flow in M87 is really MAD
• Numerical simulation of hot accretion flows (IV): effects of black hole spin and magnetic field strength on the wind and the comparison between wind and jet properties
• X-ray variability of PMS stars - Toward an explanation of the different X-ray properties of CTTS and WTTS
• Correlated radio--X-ray variability of Galactic Black Holes: A radio--X-ray flare in Cygnus X-1
• Discrete Knot Ejection from the Jet in a Nearby Low Luminosity Active Galactic Nucleus, M81*
• Wisps in the Galactic center: NIR triggered observations of the radio source Sgr A* at 43 GHz
• Ejection of Double knots from the radio core of PKS 1510--089 during the strong gamma-ray flares in 2015
• Blob formation and ejection from the radiative inefficient accretion flow around massive black hole
• Onset of Plasmoid Reconnection during Magnetorotational Instability
• Evolution of an arched magnetized laboratory plasma in a sheared magnetic field

Cited by in corpus (6)

• Two-Temperature GRMHD Simulations of Black Hole Accretion Flows with Multiple Magnetic Loops
• A "coronal-mass-ejection'' model for flares in Sagittarius A*
• Magnetic Reconnection in Black-Hole Magnetospheres: Lepton Loading into Jets, Superluminal Radio Blobs, and Multi-wavelength Flares
• Dynamics and Emission Properties of Flux Ropes from Two-Temperature GRMHD Simulations with Multiple Magnetic Loops
• Energy distribution and substructure formation in astrophysical MHD simulations
• The X-ray variation of M81* resolved by Chandra and NuSTAR