The ALMA-PILS survey: First tentative detection of 3-hydroxypropenal (HOCHCHCHO) in the interstellar medium and chemical modeling of the C${}_3$H${}_4$O${}_2$ isomers

Abstract

Characterizing the molecular composition of solar-type protostars is useful for improving our understanding of the physico-chemical conditions under which the Sun and its planets formed. In this work, we analyzed the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) data of the Protostellar Interferometric Line Survey (PILS), an unbiased spectral survey of the solar-type protostar IRAS~16293--2422, and we tentatively detected 3-hydroxypropenal (HOCHCHCHO) for the first time in the interstellar medium towards source B. Based on the observed line intensities and assuming local thermodynamic equilibrium, its column density is constrained to be $\sim$10${}^{15}$ cm${}^{-2}$, corresponding to an abundance of 10${}^{-4}$ relative to methanol, CH${}_3$OH. Additional spectroscopic studies are needed to constrain the excitation temperature of this molecule. We included HOCHCHCHO and five of its isomers in the chemical network presented in Manigand et al. (2021) and we predicted their chemical evolution with the Nautilus code. The model reproduces the abundance of HOCHCHCHO within the uncertainties. This species is mainly formed through the grain surface reaction CH${}_2$CHO + HCO $\to$ HCOCH${}_2$CHO, followed by the tautomerization of HCOCH${}_2$CHO into HOCHCHCHO. Two isomers, CH${}_3$COCHO and CH${}_2$COHCHO, are predicted to be even more abundant than HOCHCHCHO. Spectroscopic studies of these molecules are essential in searching for them in IRAS~16293--2422 and other astrophysical sources.

Accepted in A&A Letters

References in corpus (7)

• 2021 Census of Interstellar, Circumstellar, Extragalactic, Protoplanetary Disk, and Exoplanetary Molecules
• The ALMA Protostellar Interferometric Line Survey (PILS): First results from an unbiased submillimeter wavelength line survey of the Class 0 protostellar binary IRAS 16293-2422 with ALMA
• Binding energies: new values and impact on the efficiency of chemical desorption
• First detection of the pre-biotic molecule glycolonitrile (HOCH2CN) in the interstellar medium
• The ALMA-PILS survey: First detection of nitrous acid (HONO) in the interstellar medium
• The ALMA-PILS survey: First detection of the unsaturated 3-carbon molecules Propenal (C${}_2$H${}_3$CHO) and Propylene (C${}_3$H${}_6$) towards IRAS 16293$-$2422 B
• Torsional-rotational spectrum of doubly-deuterated dimethyl ether (CH${}_3$OCHD${}_2$) -- First ALMA detection in the interstellar medium

Cited by in corpus (13)

• Detection of ethanol, acetone, and propanal in TMC-1: New O-bearing complex organics in cold sources
• Rotational spectroscopy of mono-deuterated oxirane ($c$-C${}_2$H${}_3$DO) and its detection towards IRAS 16293$-$2422 B
• Oxygen-bearing organic molecules in comet 67P's dusty coma: first evidence for abundant heterocycles
• Implementation of Rare Isotopologues into Machine Learning of the Chemical Inventory of the Solar-Type Protostellar Source IRAS 16293-2422
• A deep search for large complex organic species toward IRAS16293-2422 B at 3 mm with ALMA
• Rotational spectroscopy of oxirane-\textit{2,2}-$d_2$, $c$-CD${}_2$CH${}_2$O, and its tentative detection toward IRAS 16293$-$2422~B
• The rotation-tunneling spectrum of 3-hydroxypropenal and confirmation of its detection toward IRAS 16293$-$2422 B
• A Low Temperature Kinetic Study of the C(3P) + CH3OCH3 Reaction. Rate constants, H-atom Product Yields and Astrochemical Implications
• Millimetre-wave spectroscopy of 2-hydroxyprop-2-enal and an astronomical search with ALMA
• Millimeter-wave spectrum of 2-propanimine
• Kinetic Study of the Reactions of Ground State Atomic Carbon and Oxygen with Nitrogen Dioxide over the 50-296 K Temperature Range
• Rate constants and product yields for the C + CH3CHO reaction at low temperatures
• The Reaction between Atomic Carbon and Molecular Nitrogen as a Source of Cyanamide and Carbodiimide on Interstellar Ices