Nested Open Quantum Systems Approach to Photonic Bose$-$Einstein Condensation

Abstract

The photonic Bose$-$Einstein condensate is a recently observed collective ground state of a coupled light-matter system. We describe this quantum state based on macroscopic quantum electrodynamics in dispersing and absorbing environments. To model the coupled photon$-$dye dynamics, we derive a master equation using a nested open quantum systems approach yielding all parameters essential to describe the condensation process. This approach allows us to describe photon condensates of arbitrary shapes because all geometry-dependent decay constants can be expressed in terms of the Green's tensor. In particular, we obtain the cavity mode absorption and emission rates of the dye molecules.

17 pages, 3 figures

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Cited by in corpus (2)

• Time-periodic driving of a bath-coupled open quantum gas of light
• Photonic Bose-Einstein condensation in the continuum limit