Traces of a Heavy Field in Gravitational Waves

Abstract

We discuss gravitational waves (GWs) induced by a heavy spectator field that starts to oscillate during inflation. During the oscillation of the spectator field, its effective mass can also oscillate in some potentials. This mass oscillation can resonantly amplify the spectator field fluctuations. We show that these amplified fluctuations can induce large GWs, which could be investigated by future gravitational wave observations. This kind of induced GW can be produced even if the spectator field does not have any interaction with other fields except for gravitational interaction.

arXiv comment7 pages, 10 figures, v2: version accepted for publication in PRD, calculation on hilltop type potential added

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