Anyonic interference and braiding phase in a Mach-Zehnder Interferometer

Abstract

The fractional quantum Hall states have long been predicted to be a testing ground of fractional (anyonic) exchange statistics. These topological states harbor quasiparticles with fractional charges of both abelian and non-abelian characters. The quasiparticles' charge is commonly determined by shot noise measurements (1, 2), and states' statistics can be revealed by appropriately interfering the quasiparticles. While the multipath Fabry-Perot electronic interferometer (FPI) is easier to fabricate, it is often plagued by Coulomb interactions (3), its area breathes with the magnetic field (4), and its bulk's charges tend to fluctuate (5). Recent FPI experiments employing adequate screening allowed an observation of Aharonov-Bohm (AB) interference at bulk filling $\nu$=1/3 (6). In the current work, we chose to employ an interaction-free, two-path, Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI), tuned to bulk filling $\nu$=2/5. Interfering the outer $\nu$=1/3 mode (with the inner $\nu$=1/15 mode screening out the bulk), we observed a 'dressed AB' periodicity, with a combined 'bare AB' flux periodicity of three flux-quanta (3${\varphi }_0$) and the 'braiding phase' 2$\pi$/3. This unique interference resulted with an AB periodicity of a single flux-quantum. Moreover, the visibility of the interference, $v_{e/3}$, deviated markedly from that of the electronic one $v_e$, agreeing with the theoretically expected visibility, $v_{e/3}\sim {v_e}^3$. With the two non-equivalent drains of the MZI, the fractional visibility peaked away from the ubiquitous transmission-half of the MZI. We provide simple theoretical arguments that support our results. The MZI proves to be a powerful tool that can be used to probe further the statistics of more complex anyonic quasiparticles.

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• Strongly coupled edge states in a graphene quantum Hall interferometer
• Two-particle time-domain interferometry in the Fractional Quantum Hall Effect regime
• Aharonov-Bohm interference and the evolution of phase jumps in fractional quantum Hall Fabry-Perot interferometers based on bi-layer graphene
• Finite width of anyons changes their braiding signature
• Electron Pairing of Interfering Interface-Based Edge Modes
• Anyonic Mach-Zehnder interferometer on a single edge of a 2D electron gas
• Anomalous Aharonov-Bohm Interference in the Presence of Edge Reconstruction
• Anyon braiding on the single edge of a fractional quantum Hall state
• Landscapes of an out-of-equilibrium anyonic sea
• Modified interferometer to measure anyonic braiding statistics
• Field Theoretic Aspects of Condensed Matter Physics: An Overview
• Signature of anyonic statistics in the integer quantum Hall regime
• Non-Abelian phases from the condensation of Abelian anyons
• Probing anyonic statistics via Mach-Zehnder interferometry in quantum computers
• Edge reconstruction of compressible Quantum Hall fluid in the filling fraction range 1/3 to 2/3
• Manifestation of edge-bulk incompatibility in fractional quantum Hall platform
• Quantum statistics and self-interference in extended colliders
• Collapse of edge reconstruction in compressible Quantum Hall fluid within filling fraction range 2/3 to 1
• Tunable anyonic permeability across ${\mathbb{Z}}_2$ spin liquid junctions
• Anyonic analogue of optical Mach-Zehnder interferometer