Spectropolarimetry and spectral decomposition of high-accreting Narrow Line Seyfert 1 galaxies
arXiv:2202.13839 · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202243434
Abstract
Narrow Line Seyfert 1 (NLSy1) galaxies have been shown to have high Eddington ratios and relatively small black hole masses. The measurement of the black hole masses is based on the virial relation which is dependent on the distribution of the line-emitting gas and the viewing angle to the source. Spectropolarimetry enables us to probe the geometry of this line-emitting gas and allows us to estimate independently the viewing angle of the source by comparing the spectrum viewed under natural light and in the polarized light. We performed spectropolarimetric observations of three NLSy1 - Mrk 1044, SDSS J080101.41+184840.7, and IRAS 04416+1215 using the European Southern Observatory's Very Large Telescope. We use ESO Reflex workflow to perform standard data reduction and extract the natural and polarized spectra. We estimate the Stokes parameters and the viewing angles of the three sources. We model the Stokes parameters and infer the properties of the scattering media - located in the equatorial and polar regions, and simulate the spectra observed both in natural light and in polarized light using the polarization radiative transfer code STOKES. We confirm that all three sources are high Eddington ratio objects. We are successful in recovering the observed H line profile both in the natural and polarized light using the STOKES modelling. We recover the polarization fractions of the order of 0.2-0.5% for the three sources. Our principal component analysis shows that the sample of the 25 sources including our sources, Fairall 9 from Jiang et al. (2021), and sources from Capetti et al. (2021) are mainly driven by the black hole mass and Eddington ratio. We re-affirm the connection of the strength of the optical FeII emission with the Eddington ratio, but the dependence on the viewing angle is moderate, more like a secondary effect.
arXiv comment25 pages, 21 figures, 11 tables, to be published in Astronomy & Astrophysics, version after proofs
References in corpus (66)
- SciPy 1.0--Fundamental Algorithms for Scientific Computing in Python
- Astropy: A Community Python Package for Astronomy
- HEALPix -- a Framework for High Resolution Discretization, and Fast Analysis of Data Distributed on the Sphere
- A Fundamental Relation Between Supermassive Black Holes and Their Host Galaxies
- Central Masses and Broad-Line Region Sizes of Active Galactic Nuclei. II. A Homogeneous Analysis of a Large Reverberation-Mapping Database
- Sloan Digital Sky Survey IV: Mapping the Milky Way, Nearby Galaxies, and the Distant Universe
- The M-sigma and M-L Relations in Galactic Bulges and Determinations of their Intrinsic Scatter
- A Catalog of Quasar Properties from SDSS DR7
- The 6dF Galaxy Survey: Final Redshift Release (DR3) and Southern Large-Scale Structures
- The Low-Luminosity End of the Radius-Luminosity Relationship for Active Galactic Nuclei
- Systematic Effects in Measurement of Black Hole Masses by Emission-Line Reverberation of Active Galactic Nuclei: Eddington Ratio and Inclination
- Planck 2018 results. IV. Diffuse component separation
- The diversity of quasars unified by accretion and orientation
- Eigenvector 1: An Optimal Correlation Space for Active Galactic Nuclei
- Narrow Line Seyfert 1 Galaxies and the Evolution of Galaxies & Active Galaxies
- The unusual emission line spectrum of IZw1
- A spectrophotometric atlas of Narrow-Line Seyfert 1 galaxies
- Supermassive black holes with high accretion rates in active galactic nuclei: I. First results from a new reverberation mapping campaign
- Reverberation Measurements of the Inner Radius of the Dust Torus in 17 Seyfert Galaxies
- Spectroscopy of Broad Line Blazars from 1LAC
- Supermassive Black Holes with High Accretion Rates in Active Galactic Nuclei. IV. H Time Lags and Implications for Super-Eddington Accretion
- Reverberation mapping of Active Galactic Nuclei: from X-ray corona to dusty torus
- The innermost region of AGN tori: implications from the HST/NICMOS Type 1 point sources and near-IR reverberation
- Supermassive Black Holes with High Accretion Rates in Active Galactic Nuclei. IX 10 New Observations of Reverberation Mapping and Shortened H Lags
- A Complete Sample of Soft X-ray Selected AGN: II. Statistical Analysis
- Bolometric correction factors for Active Galactic Nuclei
- The UV Properties of the Narrow Line Quasar I Zwicky 1
- Supermassive Black Holes with High Accretion Rates in Active Galactic Nuclei. V. A New Size-Luminosity Scaling Relation for the Broad-Line Region
- Seyferts on the edge: polar scattering and orientation-dependent polarization in Seyfert 1 nuclei
- Error Analysis for Dual-Beam Optical Linear Polarimetry
- The Mass of the Central Black Hole in the Seyfert Galaxy NGC 3783
- Supermassive black holes with high accretion rates in active galactic nuclei: II. the most luminous standard candles in the Universe
- Modeling optical and UV polarization of AGNs I. Imprints of individual scattering regions
- Evolution of Active Galaxies: Black-hole Mass - Bulge relations for Narrow Line Objects
- The flux ratio of the [OIII] 5007,4959 lines in AGN: Comparison with theoretical calculations
- Self-shadowing Effects of Slim Accretion Disks in Active Galactic Nuclei: Diverse Appearance of the Broad-line Region
- Extreme Slim Accretion Disks and Narrow Line Seyfert 1 Galaxies: the Nature of the soft X-ray Hump
- VLT/ISAAC Spectra of the Hbeta Region in Intermediate-Redshift Quasars III. Hbeta Broad Line Profile Analysis and Inferences about BLR Structure
- Equatorial scattering and the structure of the broad-line region in Seyfert nuclei: evidence for a rotating disc
- The Quasar Main Sequence explained by the combination of Eddington ratio, metallicity and orientation
- Modelling of the quasar main sequence in the optical plane
- Radio-loud Narrow Line Seyfert 1 under a different perspective: a revised black hole mass estimate from optical spectropolarimetry
- On the Observational Difference Between the Accretion Disk-Corona Connections among Super- and Sub-Eddington Accreting Active Galactic Nuclei
- Spectropolarimetry of Seyfert 1 galaxies with equatorial scattering: Black hole masses and Broad Line Region characteristics
- Highly accreting quasars: The SDSS low-redshift catalog
- Linear spectropolarimetry of polarimetric standard stars with VLT/FORS2
- Improved Fe II emission line models for AGN using new atomic datasets
- The chemical properties of low-redshift QSOs
- AGN Black hole mass estimates using polarization in broad emission Lines
- Modeling optical and UV polarization of AGNs V. Dilution by interstellar polarization and the host galaxy
- GTC Spectra of z ~ 2.3 Quasars: Comparison with Local Luminosity Analogues
- CLOUDY view of the warm corona
- Variability in Spectropolarimetric properties of Sy 1.5 galaxy Mrk 6
- Current and future applications of Reverberation-mapped quasars in Cosmology
- PCA of the spectral energy distribution and emission line properties of red 2MASS AGN
- Polarization in lines - a new method for measuring black hole masses in active galaxies
- The CaFe Project: Optical Fe II and Near-Infrared Ca II triplet emission in active galaxies: (I) Photoionization modelling
- Detection of a Multi-Phase Ultra-Fast Wind in the Narrow-Line Seyfert 1 Galaxy Mrk 1044
- Spectropolarimetric monitoring of active galaxy 3C390.3 with 6m telescope SAO RAS in the period 2009-2014
- Spectropolarimetry of low redshift Quasars: origin of the polarization and implications for black hole mass estimates
- Cosmological-scale coherent orientations of quasar optical polarization vectors in the era Investigating the Galactic dust contamination scenario
- Estimating supermassive black hole masses in AGNs using polarization of broad MgII, H and H lines
- The properties of active galaxies at the extreme of eigenvector 1
- Linear Spectropolarimetric Analysis of Fairall 9 with VLT/FORS2
- Quasar Main Sequence: a line or a plane?
- Spectropolarimetry of NGC3783 and Mrk509: Evidence for powerful nuclear winds in Seyfert 1 Galaxies